Geography Landforms

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Archipelago

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Chain of islands

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Island

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IslandPiece of land completely surrounded by water

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Isthmus

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Small piece of land connecting two larger areas of land

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Peninsula

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Area of land surrounded by water on three sides

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Cape

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An area of land that juts out into water; small peninsula

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Mountain

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Land that extends substantially above the land of the terrain

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Hill

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Lower and less steep than a mountain

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Plain

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Large area of land with relatively low relief – usually good for growing

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Valley

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Depression between hills or mountains, often following the course of a river or stream

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Plateau

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Large highland area of fairly level land, tableland

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Continent

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individual of several large landmasses on Earth

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Glacier

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Large, slow moving river of ice

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Bay

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Area of water bordered by land on three sides

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Ocean

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Major body of salt water

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Stream

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Body of water with a current confined within a bed or banks

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Gulf

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Large bay that is the arm of an ocean or a sea

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Strait

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Small body of water that connects two larger bodies of water (opposite of isthmus)

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Canal

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imitation waterways (built by man)

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Sea

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Large expanse of salt water connected to the ocean or a salt-water lake with no outlet

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Channel

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A water path between two endpoints

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Lake

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Large body of water contained on a body of land

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River

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Natural waterway that moves water across the landscape from high ground to low ground

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Mouth

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Place where the river flows into the sea

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Source

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Where a river begins

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Delta

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Deposit at the mouth of a river; usually in triangular shape

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Cliff

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Significant vertical rock exposure; high steep face of a rock

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Desert

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a region so arid because of little rainfall that it supports only sparse and widely spaced vegetation or no vegetation at all

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Fault

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a break in the continuity of a body of rock or of a vein, with dislocation along the plane of the fracture (fault plane).

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Downstream

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Away from the source of a stream or river

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Fork

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the point or part at which a thing, as a river or a road, divides into branches:

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Fjord

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a long, narrow arm of the sea bordered by steep cliffs: usually formed by glacial erosion.

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Highland

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denote any mountainous region or elevated mountainous plateau.The

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Oasis

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a small fertile or green area in a desert region, usually having a spring or well

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Inlet

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an indentation of a shoreline, usually long and narrow; small bay or arm