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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GEOMORPHOLOGY |
STUDIES FORMATION OF EARTH'S SURFACE FEATURES |
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STRUCTURE |
GEOLOGY= WHAT IS IT MADE OF |
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PROCESS |
HISTORY= WHAT EVENTS TOOK PLACE |
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CRUST |
LITHOSPHERE= THIN AND BRITTLE |
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OCEANIC CRUST VS. CONTINENTAL CRUST |
OCEANIC= THIN, SILICATE AND MAGNESIUM, MOSTLY CRYSTALLINE CONTINENTAL= THICK, SILICATE AND ALUMINIUM, MOSTLY SEDIMENT |
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MANTLE |
THICKEST LAYER UPPER= ASTHENOSPHERE, SOLID BUT MALLEABLE LOWER= MESOSPHERE, SOLID AND RIGID |
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CORE |
OUTER CORE= MOLTEN, LIQUID ROCK, EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD (*KEEPS SOLAR RADIATION OUT*) INNER CORE= SOLID, DENSE, IRON/NICKEL |
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MINERAL CHARACTERISTICS (3) |
1. NATURALLY OCCURING 2. SOLID AND INORGANIC 3. SPECIFIC CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL COMPOSITION |
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IGNEOUS ROCKS (2 TYPES) |
MEDIUM HARDNESS INTRUSIVE= FORMED INSIDE EARTH FROM MAGMA (LARGER CRYSTALS) EXTRUSIVE= FORMED OUTSIDE EARTH FROM LAVA (SMALLER CRYSTALS) |
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SEDIMENTARY (2 TYPES) |
SOFTEST ROCK CLASTIC= MADE FROM REGOLITH (MUD/SILT, SAND) CHEMICAL= MADE FROM ORGANIC COMPONENTS (WEATHERING/EROSION/DEPOSITION/STRATIFICATION) |
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METAMORPHIC |
HARDEST ROCK FORMED FROM HEAT/PRESSURE FOLIATION= RIBBONS OF MINERALS IN ROCK |
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TSUNAMI |
SEISMIC WAVES GENERATED BY EARTHQUAKES |
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TIDES |
2 A DAY= MOONS GRAVITAIONAL PULL, SUN'S GRAVITY, CORIOLIS EFFECT, OCEAN BASIN SLOSH, SEA FLOOR CONTOURS |
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SEA LEVEL CHANGE CAUSATION (2) |
1. ECSTATIC- GLOBAL CHANGE IN SEA LEVEL 2. LOCAL- LOCEAL TECTONIC EVENTS |
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HUMAN ALTERATIONS TO COASTLINES (JCBBS) |
JETTIES= PERPENDICULAR/ PRESERVE COAST INLET GROINS=PERPENDICULAT/ DISRUPTS LONG SHORE CURRENTS BEACH NOURISHMENT= ADDING SAND TO BEACHES BREAKWATER= PARALLEL/ REFLECTS INCOMING WAVES SEAWALL= PARALLEL/ BEACH ARMOR |
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PLATE TECTONICS |
CRUST IS MADE UP OF MOVING PLATES |
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SEA FLOOR SPREADING |
OCEAN FLOOR SPLITS AND CRUST IS CREATED |
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PALEOMAGNETISM |
PERIODIC REVERSAL OF EARTH'S MAGNETIC POLES |
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BIOGEOGRAPHY AND FOSSIL RECORD |
PANGEA -> LAURASIA + GONDAWANALAND |
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DIVERGING CONVERGING TRANSFORM |
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HOT SPOTS |
NOT ON A BOUNDARY= HAWAII |
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VOLCANISM EXTRUSIVE |
EFFUSIVE= SLOW FLOOD OF LAVA PAHOEHOE- HONESY AA= CHUNKY PEANUT BUTTER PYROCLASTIC= EXLPOSIVE FROM PRESSURE BUILD UP |
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TYPES OF VOLCANOS (S.C.CC.LD) |
SHIELD (MANNA LOA)- LARGEST/GENTLE SLOPES COMPOSITE (FUJI)-TALL/ ONE VENT/ STEEP/ALTERNATING PYROCLASTIC AND EFFUSIVE LAYERS CINDER CONE- SMALL/ ONE VENT LAVA DOME(MT ST HELENS)- LUMPY/ ASYMMETRICAL/ MUTLIVENT |
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LAHARS |
MELTED SNOW, ASH, DEBRIS (DEATHLY) |
