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145 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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had been center of pangea which explains the plateau and basin continent
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africa
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1/5 of all of the earth's land
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africa
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there is no broad coastal plain
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africa
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there are few peninsulas and bays
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africa
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interior is isolated from periphery
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africa
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great rivers in africa
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nile, zaire, niger, and zambazi
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nile, zaire, niger, and zambazi are great rivers where
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africa
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what great river is navigable in africa
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nile
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describe culture of africa
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incredible complex
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there is a difficulty of interior communication in africa due to:
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desert in the north and lack of navigable rivers and dense jungle which causes isolation
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the culture of africa is
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primarily a rural, agaian society with a recent push-pull migration to the cities
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urban population of africa
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34%
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34% urban population
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africa
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10% of world's population on 20% of land
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africa
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life expectancy in africa
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50 years
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life expectancy of africa is due to
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famine and unbalanced diets, a result in part to the climate and physical setting, make people more vulnerable to disease
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the annual rate of natural increase of population in africa is
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2.5%
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the religion in africa is primarily
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traditional (tribal) / shamanist
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the religion in africa in northern areas is
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islamic/christian/shamanist
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the religion in the southern area of africa is
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protestant
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the early history of africa is
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unclear, no written records
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a major empire in west africa existed for 100 years before decline and muslim invaders about 1062 AD. where was this culture hearth
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ghana, africa
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early history of africa (full):
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unclear, no written records. a major empire in west africa [culture hearth] called ghana, existed for 1000 years, before decline and muslim invaders about 1062 AD. civilization migrated east under muslim influence. both ethiopia and uganda had major civilizations. links to arabia long established for east africa
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colonialism in africa began:
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in the 1400s in west africa
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colonialism in africa: trade for ----
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gold, ivory, spices, and slaves; africa is rich in resources, especially metals including gold (also diamonds)
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slave trade in africa...
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had been a business for centuries, mostly east with the Arabs, but Europeans tood it to new heights
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Africa: European penetration of teh interior...
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was blocked for 400 years by african 'middlemen' who controlled trade
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in the second half of the 19th centurey, what happened in africa
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europe finally penetrated and divided up africa (berlin conference of 1884). these divisions were made without regard to existing nations, peoples, or cultures
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post colonialism in africa:
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left africa fragmented and unprepared, with states that were not nations but a collection of groups, often hostile
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present day africa:
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resource extraction hurt development and also internal communication. within africa, overpopulation is a constant problem. the factors of physical isolation, poor soils, desertification, droughts, and disease still at work
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most african countries economy:
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low income
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most african countries trade with:
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former colonial masters, not with each other
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primary activities in africa
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farming and mining
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mountains located in northwest africa
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atlas
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mountains located in turkey
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caucasus
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mountains located in iran
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zagros
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the mountains located in north africa and southwest asia are the result of:
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africa and europe/asia in collision
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physiography in west (north africa and southwest asia)
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plateau
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physiography in east (north africa and southwest asia)
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mountain region
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mediterranean sea, persian gulf, black sea, caspian sea, red sea
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isolated water bodies located in north africa and southwest asia
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what realm's climate is the single biggest identifying factor?
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north africa and southwest asia
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mainly dry [Bw] arid, not even much semi arid [BS]
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north africa and southwest asia
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only in these mountains does altitudinal zonation have effect (north africa southwest asia)
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atlas and caucasus/zagros mountains
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culture hearths of north africa and southwest asia
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nile valley and mesopotamia (fertile crescent)
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civilization began in north africa and southwest asia how many years ago?
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10,000 years
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three of the world's major religions trace their roots to north africa/southwest asia
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judaism, christianity, islam
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religion in north africa/southwest asia
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-96% islamic
-2% orthodox -1%judaism |
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religion in the world
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-33% christianity
-20% no religious affiliation -18% islam -13% hinduism |
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israel - GOLAN HEIGHTS
realm and description |
north africa/southwest asia
taken from syria |
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israel - WEST BANK
realm and description |
north africa/southwest asia
was part of jordan |
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israel - GAZA STRIP
realm and description |
north africa/southwest asia
ruled by hamas |
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north africa/southwest asia...
fundamentalism, strict adherence to the Koran (islamic holy book) has risen in response to.. |
frustrations of the modern world
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iraq - KURDS
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northeast
kurdistan is not a nation realm: north africa/southwest asia |
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iraq - SUNNI
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central
saddam hussein was one of these realm: north africa/sw asia |
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iraq - SHIAH
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south
largest pop (about 60%) realm: north africa/sw asia |
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economy of north africa/ southwest asia
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mainly resource dependent (oil)
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oil
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resource of north africa/sw asia
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world oil production (name 6)
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saudi arabia
russia USA iran mexico china |
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the countries of north africa and southwest asia without oil are
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poor, unless they ahve good agricultural lands (morocco and turkey), tourism (egypt and morocco) or industry (turkey)
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economy of morocco
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agricultural lands, tourism
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economy of turkey
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agriultural lands
industry |
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economy of egypt
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tourism
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OPEC
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organization of petroleum exporting countries
example of supranationalism realm-north africa, sw asia |
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a follower of this religion is called a jew
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judaism
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the oldest of the three religions
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judaism
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call their house of worship a synagogue
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judaism
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old testament is their holy book
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judaism
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the quran is one of their holy books
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islam
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the youngest or newest of the great religions
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islam
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make a pilgrimmage to makkah
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islam
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muhammad is their last prophet
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islam
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their house of worship is called a mosque
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islam
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a follower of this religion is called a muslim
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islam
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discourages pictures or statues of their religious leaders
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islam
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believe their religion is for all teh world: try to convert people
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islam and christianity
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recognize jesus in their religion
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islam and christianity
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jesus was its founder
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christianity
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they believe in both the old testament and the new testament
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christianity
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a follower of this religion is called a christian
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christianity
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began as a jewish sect
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christianity
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call their house of worship a church
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christianity
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the principle early figures of this religion were middle easterners
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christianity, judaism, islam
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believe abraham is teh father of their people
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christianity, judaism, islam
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is a 'monotheistic' religion
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christianity, judaism, islam
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believe their is no god but God
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christianity, judaism, islam
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the middle east is the birthplace of this religion
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christianity, judaism, islam
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regard abraham and moses as prophets or wise leaders
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christianity, judaism, islam
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regard jerusalem as a holy city
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christianity, judaism, islam
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accepts the ten commandments as a law code
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christianity, judaism, islam
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accepts the story of adam and eve as part of their religion
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christianity, judaism, islam
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today contains many branches or sects
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christianity, judaism, islam
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has a creation story about God creating the universe out of nothing
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christianity, judaism, islam
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humid equatorial to the south and east
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climate of south asia
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climate grading westward to the humid temperate, then dry
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climate of south asia
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altitudinal zonation of south asia:
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important to the north with unclassified highlands [H]
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region of south asia is dominated by
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monsoon (season), a result of land/sea differences and orographic effects
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wet summer
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south asia - rain starts in june
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dry winters
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control much of south asia's culture and agriculture
monsoon rains are essential for rice production |
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climograph
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bar graph showing average rainfall each month and includes a scale that shows precipitation
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culture hearths of south asia
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indus valley and ganges delta were culture hearths similar to the nile over 4000 years ago
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indus valey exchanged ideas with:
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nile valley and mesopotamia and brought coherence to india and pakistan (south asia realm)
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religion of south asia - hinduism
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hinduism and its caste system 3000 years ago
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religion of south asia - buddhism
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2500 years ago
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religion of south asia - islam began ---years ago
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1000 years ago
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religion of south asia - dravidian culture
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isolated, to the south
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colonialism:
-dominated by the british, who attempted to unify the region -developed the infrastructure to a great degree, promoted education |
south asia
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british departure of south asia in 1947 led to
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partition - muslim east and west pakistan were created
east pakistan then became bangladesh in 1971 |
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government (what realm?)
all are democratic except one |
south asia
except bhutan, which is a monarch |
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largest democracy in teh world
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india
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economy for realm is
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low income
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dominant activity for economy in south asia
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subsistance farming
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urbanization in south asia
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28%
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exports in south asia include
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textiles
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industrialization of south asia:
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especially in india and pakistan, has progressed
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largest countries in area (4)
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russia
canada US china |
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largest country in population
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china
(1.3 billion) ~ 1/5 of the world, which is 6.5 billion |
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growth rate of china:
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.5%
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mostly plains, plateau, and rolling hills
prime agricultural land |
china
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western regions are mountainous
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china
realm: east asia |
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great rivers of china/east asia
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amur to the far north
huang he (yellow) to the north chang jiang (yangtze) in the center xi jiang in the south |
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dry in northwest
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china
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humid cold in northeast
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china
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humid temperate in southeast
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china
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climate of china:
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dry in nw
humid cold in ne humid temperate in se |
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orographic effects make climate of western china
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dry
the rain was held in south asia |
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china: civilation over --years old
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4000
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culture hearths of china
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wei/huang rivers
isolation and inward development the key here; different from fertile crescent |
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dynasties
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the country of china has been ruled by monarchs called this
started ~ 1770 BC |
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society is organized and regimented
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china (east asia)
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great respect for history and tradition
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china (east asia)
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ancestor worship
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china (east asia)
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history of china is always
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an elite with lots of peasants
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han dynasty
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china (east asia)
-unity and stability, enlarged the country -established the core of chinese culture -'people of Han' |
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later dynasties
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china (east asia)
-chinese civilization equal to or greater than any in west -further expansion |
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colonialism of china/east asia
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'european' countries (russia, britain, france, and germany) compete for 'spheres of influence' starting ~ 1840
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communism
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china
people's republic of china (PRC) |
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single-party republic
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taiwan = republic of china (ROC)
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STAGE 1:
high birth rate and high death rate = |
low population growth
--high incidence of infant and chid mortality plus famines and epidemics |
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STAGE 2:
high birth rate and lowering death rate = |
population growth increasing
--medical services and hygiene improves; more food and better food distribution decrease death rate; birth rate high as "cultural habit" --peak pop growth rate at end of stage 2 and start of stage 3 |
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STAGE 3:
high birth rate but starting to decrease and low death rate = |
decreasing population growth rate
cultural shift in birth rate |
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STAGE 4:
low birth rate and low death rate = |
low population growth
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ISRAEL - sunni
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85%
believe in personal and group deternimation most locations |
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ISRAEL - shiah
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15%
believe in infallible imams who disperse knowledge and decisions many in iran |
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five pillars
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repeated expressions of creed
daily prayers month of fasting giving alms pilgrimmage |
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islamic religion began with prophet:
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muhammad in early 600s
by 700s had spread to adjacent areas and by 1600 reached its approximate boundaries |
