Geography Exam 2

Front 1

Shatter belt

Back 1

Region between stronger, colliding cultural-political forces, under stress, and fragmented by rivals ex: Eastern Europe

Front 2

Balkanization

Back 2

The fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile political units

Front 3

Irredentism

Back 3

A policy of cultural extension and political expansion by a state aimed at a community of its nationals living in neighbor state

Front 4

Marshall Plan

Back 4

Economic Recovery plan for Europe provided by United States

Front 5

Centripetal forces

Back 5

Cultural/political forces that promise political unity ex: shared history, centralized economic structure

Front 6

Centrifugal forces

Back 6

Cultural/political forces that pull away from and weaken an existing nation-state. ex: linguistic minorities, fringe groups

Front 7

Devolution

Back 7

When regions within a state demand and gain political strength at the expense of the central government

Front 8

Acculturation

Back 8

Changes occurring in a culture through intercultural borrowing ex: technology, language, values

Front 9

Sovkhoz

Back 9

State farm. Received wages

Front 10

Kolkhoz

Back 10

Collective farm. Much smaller. Only received wages after obligations were met

Front 11

Epidemic

Back 11

A local or regional outbreak of a disease

Front 12

Pandemic

Back 12

Disease that spreads worldwide

Front 13

Endemic

Back 13

A disease that affects many people in a kind of equilibrium without causing rapid and widespread deaths

Front 14

Arithmetic density

Back 14

The number of people per unit of area of TOTAL land

Front 15

Physiologic density

Back 15

The number of people per unit area of ARABLE land

Front 16

Agricultural density

Back 16

The total RURAL population per unit area of arable land

Front 17

Indirect Rule

Back 17

Continued investment; Relatively peaceful transition; biggest problems in areas dominated by white settlers Ex: Kenya

Front 18

Paternalism

Back 18

Left abruptly; former colonies experience conflict. Ex: Zaire/Congo

Front 19

Assimilation

Back 19

Retained strong economic and cultural ties. Ex: French Troops

Front 20

Exploitation

Back 20

Using something in an unjust or cruel manner; Angola and Mozambique held until 1974; under influence of Soviet Union and Cuba

Front 21

Subsistence Farming

Back 21

Where they only produce enough food for the family working it

Front 22

Escarpment

Back 22

a steep slope or long cliff that results from erosion or faulting and separates two relatively level areas of differing elevations

Front 23

Rift Valley

Back 23

a linear-shaped lowland between highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic rift or fault.

Front 24

superimposed boundary

Back 24

a boundary imposed on an area by a conquering or colonizing power that is unconcerned about pre-existing cultural patterns.

Front 25

McMahon-Hussein Correspondence

Back 25

was a protracted exchange of lettersconcerning the future political status of the lands under the Ottoman Empire.

Front 26

Sykes Picot Agreement

Back 26

It was largely a trade agreement with a large area set aside for indirect control through an Arab state or a confederation of Arab states.

Front 27

Balfour Declaration

Back 27

When the Jews would have their own land

Front 28

White Papers

Back 28

That Declaration announced the British intent to aid the "establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people", wording which became controversial.

Front 29

Golan Heights

Back 29

The plateau is located at the southern end of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains and straddles the borders of Syria and Israel.

Front 30

West Bank

Back 30

is a landlocked territory[2] and is the eastern part of the Palestinian territories; on the west bank of the Jordan River in the Middle East

Front 31

Gaza Strip

Back 31

PA has control of it right along Egypt borders

Front 32

lingua franca

Back 32

language systematically used to communicate between persons not sharing a mother tongue,

Front 33

fertile triangle

Back 33

Agricultural land in Russia

Front 34

nation/state

Back 34

The term "nation-state" implies that the two geographically coincide, and this distinguishes the nation state from the other types of state, which historically preceded it.