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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alluvium |
Sediment carried by a stream &deposited in floodplains/deltas |
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Asthenosphere |
Partially molten plastic layer above the core/lower mantle-conveyor belt |
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Chemical weathering |
Decomposition of earth's materials due to chemical reaction |
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Continental drift |
Hypothesis supercontinent pangaea broke apart drifted to present location |
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Diastrophism |
Earth forces that folds, faults, twists & compresses rock |
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Erosional agents |
Forces of nature that carve, wear away earth materials |
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Faults |
Breaks in rocks produced by stress of movement of lithosphere plates |
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Glacier |
A huge mass of slow moving land ice |
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Gradational process |
Due to natural forces that reduces land surfaces |
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Igneous rock |
Fire rock. Formed from cooled solidified magma/lava |
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Karst topography |
Limestone region marked by sinkholes, caverns, and underground streams |
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Lithosphere |
Outer most layer of the geosphere includes the upper mantle and crust |
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Loess |
Deposits of windblown silt |
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Mass movement |
Down slope movement of earth's materials by gravity |
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Mechanical weathering |
The physical disintegration of earth's materials |
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Metamorphic rock |
Changed rock. Transformed igneous / sedimentary rock pressure |
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Mineral |
A natural inorganic substances with definitive characteristics |
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Permafrost |
Permanently frozen subsoil |
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Plate tectonics |
Theory of the movement of great slabs of crust |
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Sedimentary rock |
Rocks formed from different size clastic materials and bio materials |
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Subduction |
One lithosphere plate is forced down beneath another |
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Tsunami |
Sea waves generated by under sea earthquakes, landslides & volcanic eruptions |
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Volcanism |
Earth force moves subsurface material (magma) to surface (lava) |
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1902 Martinique |
Volcano erupted MT Pele |
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1836 weather tragedy |
Illinois temp dropped 40--30 |
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Mineral |
Natural occurring, stable at room temperature, represented by a chemical formula |
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Common minerals |
Talc, gypsum,calcite diamond, topaz |
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Hardness of rocks |
Talc, gypsum, calcite, fluoride, apatite, orthoclase, quartz, topaz, corundum, diamond |
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Continental drift theory |
Alfred wegener 1912 |
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Tectonic forces |
Forces generated from within the earth that result in uplift, movement or deformation or part of the earth's crust |
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Warping |
Has a depression and an arc |
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Folding |
Lateral compression of surface results in folding of surface |
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Antacline |
Folding upwards |
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Syncline |
Folding downward |
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Tension |
Direction with the blocks moving away from each other |
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Horst |
Elevated section on a fault |
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Graben |
Down section of a fault |
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Reverse fault |
Two blocks are forced together by compression |
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Flood or plateau basalt |
Very liquid lava, flows very widespread, emitted from fractures |
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Shield volcano |
Liquid lava emitted from a central vent. Large. Sometimes has a collapse caldera |
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Cinder cone |
Explosive liquid lava, small, emitted from a central vent, if continued long enough, may build up a shield volcano |
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Composite or stratovolcano |
More viscous lavas, much explosive debris, large, emitted from a central vent |
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Volcanic dome |
Very viscous lava, relatively small, can be explosive , commonly occurs adjacent to craters of composite volcanoes |
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Caldera |
Very large composite volcano collapsed after an explosive period , frequently associated with plug domes |
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Seel |
Magma gets between bedrock |
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Dike |
Magma across bedrock |
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Composite |
Alternating layers of materials |
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Shearing |
When blocks move side to side |
