Geography- Europe Test

Front 1

Regions of Europe

Back 1

Western, British Isles, Mediterranean, & Eastern.

Front 2

Western Europe

Back 2

Germany, France, Benelux, Switzerland, & Austria.

Front 3

Benelux (Western)

Back 3

Belgium, Netherlands, & Luxembourg.

Front 4

Germany (Western)

PART OF EU

Back 4

Highest Population in Europe, Responsible for 2 world wars, prime promoter of EU. Federal Republic.

Front 5

What is the highest populated country in Europe?

Back 5

Germany.

Front 6

Post WWII Germany

Back 6

Allied nations divided Germany into 4 zones. Pretty much the Soviets & U.S. took control. Dramatic effects, mostly economic. Moving capital from Bonn to Berlin helped a little.

Front 7

What is a Federal Republic?

Back 7

in Germany's case the country is divided into 16 states. Each state has its own political sovereignty. Also includes Federal Government.

Front 8

France (Western)

Back 8

Among the oldest countries in Europe. Paris is the largest city. Country as a whole is less dependent on foreign oil because Nuclear power supplies 75% of electricity. Napoleon created a centralized Government that has since been abolished.

Front 9

French Departments & Regions

Back 9

Each region may consist of several departments. They are represented in Paris government. They have autonomy in taxation, borrowing, & spending.

Front 10

Belgium (Part of Benelux)

PART OF EU

Back 10

Cultural majority is Flemish (85%). Population of 10.4 Million. Capital (Brussels) is also an EU headquarters.

Front 11

Netherlands (Part of Benelux)

Back 11

Amsterdam is the capital. Rotterdam is Europe's largest port. Have largely increased land area through dives & drainage of water.

Front 12

Luxembourg (Part of Benelux)

Back 12

Highest gross national income in Europe, it is fueled by financial service, tourism, & info. Head of state is 'Grand Duke' under a constitutional monarchy.

Front 13

The Alpine States (the Alps)

Back 13

Austria, Switzerland, & *Liechtenstein

Front 14

Switzerland (West/Alps)

Back 14

Although landlocked, have adapted into into a prosperous country. Swiss isolation= stability, neutrality, & security. Zurich is financial center, but Geneva is one of the most international cities in the world.

THEY FEEL NO NEED TO JOIN EU.

Front 15

Austria (West/Alps)

Back 15

Remnant of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire which encompassed a large portion of Eastern Europe. Largest city is Vienna.

Front 16

Liechtenstein (Alps)

Back 16

Smallest German speaking state in the world. Last remnant of the Holy Roman Empire. Along with Switzerland they are neutral, one of the few countries in the world without a military.

Front 17

The British Isles

Back 17

UK & Republic of Ireland.

Front 18

UK of Great Britain & Northern Ireland

Back 18

When British controlled Ireland (Mostly Catholic) many protestants began to settle in northeastern Ireland. This is the area Britain sought to continue to protect their freedom.

Front 19

Continued Issues in Northern Ireland

Back 19

After 1921 some Irish were 'trapped' inside of the British protected Northern Ireland. Violence followed & has only recently calmed.

Front 20

United Kingdom (British Isles)

Back 20

Northern Ireland, Scotland, Waus, & England.

Front 21

English Channel

Back 21

One of the main reasons for UK's past rise to power is that it is separated from the mainland of Europe.

Front 22

Subregions of the UK

Back 22

Southern England... (Don't have all the notes.)

Front 23

Northern (Nordic) Europe

Back 23

Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Estonia, & Iceland. (Latvia & Lithuania).

Front 24

Characteristics of Northern Europe

Back 24

Except Denmark & Estonia, everything is cut off from Mainland Europe. Danish, Swedish, & Norwegian are understood throughout Region. Overwhelmingly Lutheran. Social welfare, women's rights.

Front 25

Sweden (Northern)

Back 25

Largest Nordic country (pop. & size). Now export finished goods. Majority of population lives south of 60". Pioneered nuclear power plants, but debate has begun to reverse it.

Front 26

Norway (Northern)

Back 26

Oil discoveries in 1970s have enriched Norway. Major fishing industry. Very little overland transportation. Low unemployment, 3rd richest country in the world.

Front 27

What is the largest Nordic country?

Back 27

Sweden.

Front 28

3rd richest country in the world?

Back 28

Norway.

Front 29

Denmark (Northern)

Back 29

Copenhagen acts as a drop off point for ships that can't enter Baltic sea. As a kingdom, still associated with Greenland & Faroe Islands. Both would prefer complete independence.

Front 30

Finland (Northern)

Back 30

Linked more closely with Estonia rather than Sweden & Norway. Wood exports. More diversified economy now includes telecommunications.

Front 31

Estonia (Northern)

PART OF THE EU.

Back 31

Linked to 'Nordic' states through Finland. Russian ocupation drastically changed the people. Joined EU in 2004.

Front 32

Iceland (Northern)

Back 32

Capital city of Reykjavik home to 1/2 of the population. Rely almost completely on fishing industry. Island is actually growing.

Front 33

Lithuania (Northern)

PART OF THE EU

Back 33

Was one of the WWII prizes of the Soviets. Russia's exclave Kaliningrad leaves them with only 50 coastal miles. Vilnius is the Capital. EU Member.

Front 34

Latvia (Northern)

PART OF EU.

Back 34

Was totally reliant upon the Moscow & suffered greatly after 1991. Russian immigrants make up a large portion of population. Recent economic turnaround has enabled them to join EU.

Front 35

Mediterranean Europe

Back 35

Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Malta, & Cyprus.

Front 36

Characteristics of Mediterranean Europe

Back 36

Dry, hot, summers with little moisture. Less raw materials than Northern Europe. Greater Population than Northern Europe.

Front 37

Spain & Portugal (Mediterranean)

Back 37

Both located in the Iberian Peninsula. After golden colonial age both went through dictatorships. Are now both Democracies.

Front 38

Spain (Mediterranean)

PART OF THE EU

Back 38

Decentralized like France & Germany. A number of regions toy with separatist ideas fueled by strong Nationalism. (Catalonia & The Basques). EU subsidies have further fueled nationalists tendencies as Madrid has made certain spending choices.

Front 39

Gibraltar

Back 39

Ceded by Spain to UK in 1713. 30,000 residents have become accustomed to British rule. Spain wants control back. EU proposes shared control. Gibraltan people are leary.

Front 40

Portugal (Mediterranean)

PART OF EU

Back 40

Has used EU subsidies to modernize transportation routes. Majority of population lives along coast. Exports include textiles, wines, cork, & fish.

Front 41

Italy (Mediterranean)

Back 41

Most populated of Mediterranean countries. Progressive North & Stagnant south. Has 20 regions. Areona Line: Transition line separating North & South.

Front 42

Greece (Mediterranean)

PART OF EU

Back 42

Another EU success story. Subsidies will shrink when more countries join EU. Tourism is big business.

Front 43

Cyprus (Mediterranean)

Back 43

Granted independence from British in 1960.

Front 44

Malta (Mediterranean)

PART OF EU

Back 44

Formally served Britain during WWII. Population: 400,000. Newer Member of EU.

Front 45

Eastern Europe

Back 45

4 Subregions: Countries facing Baltic sea, the landlocked center.

Front 46

Baltic Sea Countries

Back 46

Poland, Lithuania, Latvia*, Belarus.

Front 47

Poland (Baltic)

PART OF EU

Back 47

Shifted orders westward after WWII. Initially agriculturally based. Most important member to go into EU (pop. & economy).

Front 48

Belarus (Baltic)

NO INTEREST IN EU. INTEREST IN REJOINING RUSSIA IN SOME MATTER.

Back 48

No coast, but does border three others.

Front 49

Landlocked Center

Back 49

Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary.

Front 50

Czech Republic (Landlocked)

Back 50

EU Member, Very western in thought process (Economy & technology).