Geography

Front 1

flow chart (p. 72)

Back 1

a drawing that shows steps for doing or making something

Front 2

geography (p. 4)

Back 2

about Earth and how people live and work on Earth

Front 3

grid (p. 42)

Back 3

a pattern of lines that cross each other to form squares

Front 4

gulf (p. 28)

Back 4

a large body of water that cuts deep into the land

Front 5

human/environment interaction(p.5, 74)

Back 5

explains how people live in their environment

Front 6

human features (p. 4)

Back 6

things such as houses, roads, bridges, schools, farms, and factories that people make

Front 7

intermediate directions (p. 11)

Back 7

northeast, southeast, southwest, northwest

Front 8

interstate highway (p.38)

Back 8

a highway that crosses the entire country

Front 9

kilometers (p. 14)

Back 9

a metric unit of length for measuring distance. Also written KM and km.

Front 10

landform map (p. 28)

Back 10

a map that shows the shape of the land, such as mountains and hills

Front 11

line graph (p. 70)

Back 11

a graph that shows how something changes over time

Front 12

lines of latitude (p. 51)

Back 12

lines that circle Earth north and south of the Equator. They are numbered and marked by degrees.

Front 13

location (p. 4, 60)

Back 13

tells where something can be found

Front 14

map (p. 8)

Back 14

a drawing of a real place

Front 15

map index (p. 43)

Back 15

the alphabetical list of places on a map with their grid squares

Front 16

map key (p. 8)

Back 16

the guide to what the symbols on a map stand for

Front 17

map scale (p. 14)

Back 17

the guide to what the distances on a map stand for

Front 18

miles (p. 14)

Back 18

a unit of length used in measuring distance. Also written MI or mi.

Front 19

mountain range (p. 31)

Back 19

a group or chain of mountains

Front 20

movement (p. 6, 48)

Back 20

describes how people, goods, information, and ideas get from place to place

Front 21

Northern Hemisphere (p. 50)

Back 21

the half of Earth north of the Equator

Front 22

physical features (p. 4)

Back 22

are things from nature, such as bodies of water, landforms, weather, plants, and animals

Front 23

pictograph (p 62)

Back 23

a way to show and compare facts using symbols

Front 24

place (p. 4, 20)

Back 24

tells what a location is like

Front 25

plains (p. 28)

Back 25

large areas of flat lands

Front 26

plateau (p. 28)

Back 26

high, flat land

Front 27

Prime Meridian (p. 55)

Back 27

the line of longitude from the South Pole to the North Pole measured at 0 degrees. it divides Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

Front 28

regions (p. 7, 34)

Back 28

areas that have something in common

Front 29

resources (p. 22)

Back 29

things people can use, such as oil, lumber, and water

Front 30

route (p. 36)

Back 30

a road or path from one place to another. Highways, railroads, and trails are routes.

Front 31

Southern Hemisphere (p. 50)

Back 31

the half of Earth south of the Equator

Front 32

state highway (p. 38)

Back 32

a main road that connects cities and towns within the boundaries of one state

Front 33

symbol (p. 8)

Back 33

a picture on a map that stands for something real

Front 34

time line (p. 68)

Back 34

a line that shows a number of years and the events that happened in order

Front 35

U.S. highway (p. 37)

Back 35

a main highway that passes through more than one state

Front 36

Western Hemisphere (p. 55)

Back 36

the half of Earth west of the Prime Meridian

Front 37

hemisphere (p. 50)

Back 37

half of the globe or half of Earth. The four hemispheres are Northern, Southern Eastern, and Western.

Front 38

Bar Graph (p.64)

Back 38

A graph with thick lines, or bars, of different lengths to compare numbers or amounts

Front 39

circle graph (p. 64)

Back 39

A circle that shows how something whole is divided into parts.

Front 40

coast (p. 28)

Back 40

The land next to the ocean

Front 41

compass rose (p. 8)

Back 41

a symbol that shows the directions: north, south, east, and west

Front 42

continent (p. 50)

Back 42

a very large body of land

Front 43

degrees (p. 51)

Back 43

the unit of measurement used for lines of latitude and longitude

Front 44

distance (p. 14)

Back 44

how far one place is from another

Front 45

Eastern Hemisphere (p. 55)

Back 45

the half of Earth east of the Prime Meridian

Front 46

Environment (p. 5)

Back 46

the land, water, and air around you. It is the plant and animal life, too.

Front 47

Equator (p. 50)

Back 47

the imaginary line that goes around the middle of Earth. The Equator divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Front 48

factory (p. 22)

Back 48

a place where resources are made into other things

Front 49

contour line

Back 49

Lines on a map connecting the points that have the same elevation on a land surface. p. 12

Front 50

distribution map

Back 50

A map that shows the range of people, crops, or resources in a country or region. pg. 13

Front 51

cartography

Back 51

The making of maps. p.16

Front 52

distortion

Back 52

A twisting or stretching out of shaspe. p.16

Front 53

great circle

Back 53

Any circle on the earth's surface that divides the earth into equal parts. The equator is a great circle. A great circle is shortest possible distance between any two places on the surface of the earth. p.18

Front 54

hemisphere

Back 54

Half the earth or the globe. p.18

Front 55

projection

Back 55

The representation on a map of all or part of the earth

Front 56

Mercator projection

Back 56

This map is shaped like a rectangle. All lines of longitude and latitude cross at right angles. Land areas in the high latitudes appear to be much larger than they really are.

Front 57

Mollweide projection

Back 57

This oval-shaped map does not distort area, but shapes and directions are distorted at the edges of the map.

Front 58

Sinusoidal projection

Back 58

Shapes at the poles are squeezed and bent, and the lines of longitude are not of equal length. Area is not distorted.

Front 59

Gnomonic projection

Back 59

Navigators use maps with this projection. The straight lines on the map show the shortest distances between places on Earth.

Front 60

plantation

Back 60

A large commercial farm that grows only one specific crop. p.25

Front 61

atmosphere

Back 61

The blanket of air that covers the earth.p.28

Front 62

weather

Back 62

The condition of the air at a caertain time, in terms of precipitation,temperature,and other factors.p.28

Front 63

climate

Back 63

The pattern of weather that a place has over a period of time. Temperatureand precipitation are two important parts of climate.p.28

Front 64

domesticate

Back 64

To tame wild animals to live with humans.p.27

Front 65

culture

Back 65

The way of life of a people.p.31

Front 66

language family

Back 66

A group of languages that all come from one ancestor language.p.31

Front 67

mosque

Back 67

An Islamic place of worship.p.33

Front 68

subsistence

Back 68

An economy in which the people collect only only enough food to feed themselves.p.35

Front 69

ore

Back 69

a mineral mined obtain a substance that it contains.p.36

Front 70

pastoralism

Back 70

The practice herding animals for a living.p.35

Front 71

alloy

Back 71

Mixtures of metals that are harder or stronger than the individual metals from which they are made.p.37

Front 72

nomad

Back 72

People who have no permanent home and who move from place to place.p.35

Front 73

Longitude

Back 73

Distance, measured in degrees, east and west of the Prime Meridian. Lines of longitude are imaginary circles that go around the earth and pass through the North Pole and South Pole.

Front 74

scale

Back 74

The relationship between distance on a map and distance on the earth. Also, the line drawn on maps that shows this relationship.

Front 75

Physical Map

Back 75

A map that shows physical features, such as mountains, plains, and other forms that land and water take.