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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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how much of the earth is covered by water?
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~3/4
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ocean currents
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gyres
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surface currents
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fast
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deep currents
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slow
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concentration of dissolved solids
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salinity
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average salinity of the ocean
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35 ppt
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as the temperature of the water decreases, the salinity...
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decreases and sinks
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as depth increases, temperature...
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decreases
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as depth increases, salinity...
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decreases
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as depth increases, oxygen...
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decreases
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as depth increases, carbon dioxide...
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increases
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4 factors why the sea levels change constantly
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tides, waves, currents, weather
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calculated from average tidal levels obtained from a large number of gauges
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mean sea level
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2 reasons why the sea level has been rising
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melting of ice and thermal expansion
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the change in sea level due to a larger volume of water
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eustatic rise
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what we can actually observe, the relative rise/drop compared to the coast
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relative sea level
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the upward/downward movement of the crust based on weight; like a cork bobbing on water; controls relative sea level
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isostacy
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the median value of the sea level
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.48 m
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what 2 things control tides?
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moon and sun
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moon and sun additive effects
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large tides
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moon and sun subtractive effects
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small tides
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2 high, 2 low per day; atlantic coast
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semi-diurnal tides
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1 high, 1 low per day; gulf coast
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diurnal tides
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random high and low tides; pacific coast
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mixed tides
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water goes inland
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flood tide
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water goes out
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ebb tide
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difference in elevation between high and low tides
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tidal range
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where does friction begin?
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wavelength/2
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swash zone
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surf
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wave approaches shore at an angle; closest part hits shallow water first then slows down; wave approaches shore at lower angle
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wave refraction
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beach type; short and steep
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reflective
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beach type; long, flatter, bars
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dissipative
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generally results from position on tectonic plates; gulf and atlantic coasts
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depositional coast
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