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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Weathering
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either disintengrates rock into mineral particles or dissolves into h20
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bedrock
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parent rock from which weathered regolith and soils develop
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physical weathering
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rock is broken down w.o any chemical change
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frost action
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C.W, water freezes, expands 9%, breaks rock apart
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Crystallization
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C.W, dry moisture draws moisture to surface of rocks
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Pressure-release joining
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sheeting, exfoliation
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Chemical Weathering
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act. decompostion of chem change
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Hydrolysis
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decompostion process that breaks down silicate minerals in rocks
basalt weathers faster than granite |
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Oxidation
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when metallic elements combine w. oxygen to form oxides, rusting
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Carbonation
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minerals dissolves into solution, carbonic acid is strong enough to react w/many minerals especially limestone.
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eluviation
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process of removal of fine particles and minerals by h20, leaving behind sand, silt
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illuviation
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depositional, redish, organic oxides
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Acid rain
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ph 2.0
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Oxisols
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Tropical soils, most mature, iron, al oxides, leaching soluble minerals. reddish, low in CEC and fertility
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Andisols
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dry regions, pale, light color, salinization, light color, low in humus
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Spodsiols
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cool-humid forests, strongly acidic
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Mollisols
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semi arid, humus rich, base saturation
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Diagnostic Horizon
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soil below surface
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Calcification
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a process that produces an illuviated accumulation of CaCO3
-Mollisols, Aridsols |
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Podzolization
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soil acidification
-Spodosols |
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Salinization
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salts in increases POTET
-Arisols |
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Mass Wasting
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general process involved in mass movements and erosion of landscapes
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Angle of Repose
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angle between 33 and 37 percent
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Debris flow
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1-10 m/s, can exceed 20 m/s, can travel long distances , low friction
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