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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The coastline |
The line where the sea and land meet |
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The shore |
A zone which lies between the high water mark and low water mark |
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The coast |
A zone/ strip of land extending from the coastline which boarders the sea |
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Wave |
An oscillatory movement of water due to friction of the wind along the water's surface |
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The Fetch |
A stretch of open water over which wind blows constantly, Waves aquires energy from the wind and causes it to move in an undulating movement |
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Crest/ trough |
Crest- top part of the wave Trough - bottom of the wave |
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Wave length/Wave height |
Wave length - from crest to crest Wave height - from crest to trough |
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Constructive Wave |
1. Long wave length 2. Small wave height 3. Spill over when breaking 4. gentle coasts 5. Widely spaced 6. Builds up the coast 7. Strong swash 8. Weak backwash 9. 7-8 times per minute |
LGSSWBSW |
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Destructive Wave |
1. Short wave length 2. Long wave height 3. Plunges over when breaking 4. Steep coasts 5. Close together 6. Erode the coast 7. Weak swash 8. Strong backwash 9. 12-14 times per minute |
CEPSLSWS |
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Hydraulic Action |
The wave erodes the shoreline |
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Solution/ Corrosion |
Sea water dissolves soluble minerals in the rocks |
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Abrasion/ Corrasion |
Waves throw rock fragments against the rock/shoreline therefore gauging and scraping the rock wearing it away |
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Attrition |
Small stones and sand grains knock against eachother in the breaking waves, becoming rounded and smaller |
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Factors affecting Marine erosion |
1. Rock hardness 2. Rock structure 3. Wave energy 4. Time 5. Man |
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How a wave is formed |
A- circular orbit in water B-friction distorts the circular orbital motion C-top of wave moves faster as there is an increasingly circular orbit D-wave begins to break E- water rushed up the beach F-water from the previous wave returned |
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Swash |
When water runs up the beach (contains sand and small stones) |
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Backwash |
When water from the shore flows back down into the sea (drags back sediments into water) |
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Swells |
Waves that have travelled a long distance across open water |
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Cliffs |
Corrasion/solution and hydraulic action helps in cliff formation. The cliff is undercut by wave action as it attacks lines of weakness ( less resistant rock) in the rock face. These crevasses becomes larger causing the cliff to receed and eventually it collapses |
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Wave - cut platforms- how is a wave - cut platform formed |
Waves break against the cliff and create a wave - cut notch. Through hydraulic action and abrasion/Corrasion the notch becomes deeper until the overlying cliff can no longer support its weight and collapse |
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Headlands and bays - how is a bay and headland formed? |
There are alternating bands of resistant and less resistant rock. These resistant rocks stick out as headlands. The less resistant rocks are eroded to form bays. (E.g- maracas bay) |
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