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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Peak water |
Derived from early 20th century, comes from peak oil, trying to understand supply and demand |
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3 types of peak water |
~ Peak renewable water ~ Peak non-renewable ~ Peak ecological water |
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Peak renewable water |
Determined by flow rate - Will restore itself in a cycle(recharge in a rea- sonable timeframe ) - Resources determined by flow rate - How consistently being recharged - @ some point as usage & demand in crease, come to a point where production will exceed supply ~ Impact on shared water resources: impacted by peak non-renewable and peak ecological water - Can be issue of ecological impacts - Can make scarcity because of lack of access |
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Peak non-renewable |
Have certain stock available, with production you exceed supply (limited stock) ~Impact on shared water resources: greater risk of conflict between stakeholders |
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Peak ecological water |
Has a use beyond benefits to people, broader role in ecosystem management - Benefits for other purposes than human use - Inherent worth - Every resource has a func tion ~ Impact on shared water resources: broader impacts- habitat loss, food sys & climate change - Minimal stocks: increasing demand
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Types of water conflicts |
~ Trans-national (interstate) -EX: Egypt, Ethiopia, Sudan ~ Sub-national (intrastate) - EX: Ogallala, ACF basin |
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Root causes of conflicts |
~ Water shortages: physical & economic water scarcity - Ex: Peru: push for economic development, scarce can't access amount they need (sub national conflict) ~ Dam projects: irrigation, displacement - Used for: energy, flood control, drinking wa ter - Can frequently become a military target ~ Development issues: countries needs are increasing & different countries are more ahead than others ~ Competing interests of stakeholders: parties within a country have different usages, usage limits available water for other things (competing interests) ~ Sub-national conflicts translate to regional issues
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Geopolitics and water |
~ Military tool: inflict harm on adversary (Libya cut off water to capital to oppose factions) ~ Military target: attack that resource ~ Terrorism: role of non-state actors ~ Development disputes |
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Syria |
~ Physical water scarcity - Arid climate - Intensity increase due to climate change (limited flow rate) - Irrigation: a lot of money invested into dams for irrigation of crops, increases usage - Groundwater pumping: leaves very little for daily usage (reaching peak that can't be re plenished) ~ Economic water scarcity - Water rights: subnational conflict, less water for people with traditional farms after corps take, rights are impeded - Stakeholders: state governments, corps us ing for projects (dams and large commercial crops) |
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Impacts of water related issues |
~ Increasing physical water scarcity ~ Laws and policies favor water - intensive crops ~ Rural to urban migration - Demand is greater than supply ~ Equity issues ~ High risk of economic water scarcity, lack of in frastructure/ damaged - civil war |
