Geo Time Scale

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Give all the divisions of geological time scale from largest to smallest.

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Eon - Era - Period - Epoch - Ages

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subdivision of geological time scales longer than age but shorter than period

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Epoch

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Two Eon and its subdivision

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Precambrian Eon

- Hadean Eon

- Archean Eon

- Proterozoic Eon

Phanerozoic Eon

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subdivision of geological time scales longer than epoch but shorter than era

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Period

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subdivision of geological time scales longer than period but shorter than eon

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Era

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Largest division of geological time scale

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Eon

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Smallest division of geological time scale

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Ages

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What is the "calendar" for events in Earth's history?

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Geologic Time Scale

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It is the basis of geologic time units which is the correlation and classification of rock strata.

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Stratigraphy

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It occurs in the rocks which provides the chief means of establishing a geologic time scale.

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Fossil / Fossil forms

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One of the most widely used standard charts showing the relationships between the various intervals of geologic time.

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International Chronostratigraphic Chart

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What organization/union maintains the widely used standard charts showing the relationships between the various intervals of geologic time

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International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS)

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Process to obtain the relative geologic time scale developed from the fossil record which numerically quantified by means of absolute dates.

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Radiometric dating methods

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Geologists who advanced the concept of geologic time and strengthened the belief in an ancient world.

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James Hutton and William Smith

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Scottish geologist who first proposed formally the fundamental principle used to classify rocks according to their relative ages.

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James Hutton

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It states that in an undisturbed stack of rock layers, the oldest layers will always be on the bottom, and the youngest on top.

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Law of Superposition

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Modified True or False:

An eon, the largest division of the geologic time scale, spans tens to hundreds of millions of years

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hundreds to thousands

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Modified true or false:

Eons are made up of eras, divisions that span time periods of tens to hundreds of thousands of years.

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millions of years

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One of subdivisions of geologic time enabling cross-referencing of rocks and geologic events from place to place.

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Period

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What specific GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE are we currently living?

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Phanerozoic eon - Cenozoic Era - Quaternary Period - Holocene Epoch

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The first eon in Earth's geological history, spanning around 4.6 billion years from the Earth's origin until around 4 billion years ago.

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Hadean Eon

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Gaseous cloud formed in Hadean Eon from a cloud of gas and dust about 4.6 billion years ago.

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Solar nebula

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What solid objects that formed from solid particles that began to collide and stick together, forming larger and larger objects?

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Planetesimals

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What is the process by which planetesimals gradually grew within the spinning disk of a collapsing nebula?

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Accretion

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What is it called to the formation of planetesimals that grew large enough?

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Protoplanets

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The released of energy that causes the earth to heated up as Earth continued to accumulate material.

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Radioactive Decay

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It came from the debris in orbit around earth as some of the debris was blasted into space and formed a disk of molten material around Earth. Over time, the material in the disk began to coalesce and solidify.

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Moon

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Archeon Eon came from the Greek word "Archaios" What is the meaning of Archaios?

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ancient

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Why is it Archaios was the term called in ancient time of earth's geological history?

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Earth was still in its infancy and many of the fundamental processes that shape our planet were taking place.

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Time scale where the first continental landmasses began to form through processes like volcanic activity and tectonic plate movements.

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Archean Eon

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Time scale where there were no oceans due to extreme temperatures.

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Hadean Eon

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What is it called to the movement of the Earth's lithospheric plates that began to operate during the latter part of the Archean Eon.

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Plate tectonic

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Geologic time scale where associated with the formation of valuable mineral deposits, including gold, iron, and nickel.

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Archean Eon

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It is believed that this time is where fossil evidence is sparse and first life forms were simple, single-celled organisms such as bacteria and archaea.

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Archean Eon

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It is an early life forms that were simple, single-celled organisms; such as bacteria and archaea.

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Prokaryotes

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Known as blue-green algae that thought to have been some of the first organisms capable of photosynthesis, converting sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into energy and oxygen.

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Cyanobacteria

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What are the subdivision of Precambrian Eon?

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Hadean Eon

Archean Eon

Proterozoic Eon

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Subdivision of Precambrian Eon where supercontinents such as Rodinia and later Pannotia formed and broke apart.

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Proterozoic Eon

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What Eon does Great oxygenation event occured?

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Archean Eon

-It continued in Proterozoic Eon

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The process which continues Cyanobacteria to release oxygen gradually increasing the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere

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Photosynthesis

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Prokaryotic cells - Archean Eon

Eukaryotic cells - ?

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Proterozoic Eon

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Modified True or false:

Prokaryotic cells - Archean Eon

Eukaryotic cells - Hadean Eon

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Hadean Eon - Proterozoic Eon

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Subdivision of Eon where early multicellular organisms, including algae, softbodied animals, and simple plants emerge and diversify.

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Proterozoic Eon

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It is the eon in which complex, multicellular life forms with hard shells, skeletons, and other mineralized tissues became abundant and diversified.

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Phanerozoic Eon

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The Phanerozoic Eon is divided into three major eras, each characterized by specific geological and biological developments, namely:

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Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic era.

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During the Paleozoic Era, which lasted 289 million years, plants and reptiles began moving from the sea to the land. The era has been divided into six periods:

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Permian, Carboniferous, Devonian, Silurian, Ordovician, and Cambrian.

Paleo (Palo!) PeCa De SiOrCa (Teka daDy, Sure ka?)

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Period of Paleozoic Era where multiple and fairly rapid environmental changes occurred. Glaciers began to move out from the poles onto the continents and, as a result the ocean levels decreased significantly.

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Ordovician Period

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What percentage does the living species in Ordovician went extinct?

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75%

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Subperiod of Carboniferous Period.

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Mississippian Period

Pennsylvanian Period

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Three periods of Mesozoic Era:

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Cretacious period

Jurassic period

Triassic period

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What time does formation of the earth takes place?

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Hadean Eon

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What time does earth's crust cooled enough to allow the formation of continents and life started to form?

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Archean

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What time does bacteria, algae and jellyfish first exist?

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Proterozoic Eon

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What time does invertibrate animals, brachiopods, and trilobites exist?

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Paleozoic Era - Cambrian Period

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What time does early bony fish exist?

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Paleozoic Era - Ordovician Period

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What time does earliest land animals first to exist?

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Paleozoic Era - Silurian Period

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What time does first seed plants and cartilage fish exist?

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Paleozoic Era - Devonian Period

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What time does many crinoids exist?

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Paleozoic Era - Carboniferous period - Mississippian period

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What time does first insects exist?

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Paleozoic Era - Carboniferous period - Pennsylvanian period

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What times does first reptiles exist?

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Paleozoic Era - Carboniferous period

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What time does cycads or first dinosaurs exist?

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Mesozoic Era - Triassic Period

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What time does First birds exist?

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Mesozoic Era - Jurassic Period

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What time does modern seed bearing plants dinosaurs exist?

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Mesozoic Era - Cretacious Period

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What time does rise of mammals exist?

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Cenozoic Era - Tertiary Period

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What time does rise of man exist?

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Cenozoic Era -Quaternary Period

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What time does continents began to merge together creating even more uninterrupted space in the oceans for marine life to live and thrive as they evolved and diversified?

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Silurian Period

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What time does Pangaea completely formed?

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Permian Period

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What time does Pangaea gradually splitting into Laurasia and Gondwana?

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Mesozoic Era

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What is meaning of the greek word Mesozoic?

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Middle life

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English geologist who introduced the Cenozoic Era.

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John Philips

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What is meaning of the greek word Cenozoic?

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Recent life

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Cenozoic is divided into three periods, namely:

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Paleogene, Neogene, and The Quaternary

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Paleogene and neogene was now replaced into what deprecated new terms?

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Tertiary

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Paleogene is subdivided into three epochs, namely:

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Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene epoch

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Neogene Period is subdivided into two epochs, namely:

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Miocene and Pliocene Epoch

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Quarternary is subdivided into two epochs, namely:

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Pleistocene and Holocene

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What started flowing after the gap between Australia rifted away from Antarctica was large enough?

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Circum-Antarctic Current

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What time does first giant mammals roamed the earth?

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Eocene Epoch

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What apes does first appeared and considered as the most significant event for human beings?

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Anthropoid Apes

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When does Ice age occur?

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Pleistocene Epoch

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Period that is characterized by significant changes in the Earth’s climate, as well as the evolution and dispersal of modern human civilizations.

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Quarternary period

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Every when was ice age and interglacial periods occurs according to the theory?

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100,000 years

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What is it called to disappearance of large mammals in Holocene Epoch?

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Megafauna

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It was said to be the result of the disappearance of the large mammals as response to the climate change.

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proliferation of modern humans

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What is the applications of the Geologic Time Scale?

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Age Dating of Rocks and Fossils

Correlation of Rock Strata

Evolutionary Biology

Archaeology

Resource Exploration

Climate Change Studies

One piece

ACE's ARC story

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What is the limitations and criticisms of the Geologic Time Scale?

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Assumptions About Rates of Change

Conflicting Interpretations

Controversies

Incomplete Fossil Record

Dating Techniques

ACCID (acid)