Geo Terms

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absolute location

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sometimes a site's location is expressed in specific, or absolute terms, such as address. For example, the White House is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue in the city of Washington D.C. A specific description like this one is called an absolute location.

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apartheid

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the former official South African policy of separating people according to race. Apartheid gave most of the political and economic power to whites.

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arable land

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land suitable for growing crops

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arithmatic population density

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the population of a country divided by its total land aea

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cartography

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is the science of making maps.

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crude oil

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petroleum as it comes out of the ground and before it has been refined or processed into useful products

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demography

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the study of human population, including how they change due to birth,death,aging and migration

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dependency ration

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the number of old and young dependents who don't work compared with the working- age population. The higher the ratio, the more young and old people the worker have to support.

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distribution

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The way people or things are spread out over an area or space. This term can also refer to the way resources, power,or goods are divided among people or groups.

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doubling time

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the length of time it takes for a population to double

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ecumene

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a geographic region that is well suited for permanent settlement by people.Areas not included in the ecumene are generally too dry, too cold, or too rugged for permanent human settlement.
emigrate
:

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emigrate

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to move from a country. People who leave a country are called emigrants.

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environment

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includes it's land, water, climate,plants, and animals.

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famine

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a severe shortage of food that results in widespread hunger

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geography

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is the study of the world, its people, and the landscapes they create.

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globe

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is a spherical, or ball- shaped, model of the entire planet.

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human geography

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is the study of the world's people, communities, and landscapes.

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immigrate

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to move to a country. People who move to another country are called immigrants.

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international date line

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The meridian of longitude measured at 180 degrees. By international agreement, the date is one day earlier to the east of this line.

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landscape

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is all the human and physical features that make it unique.

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life expectancy

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the average age that a person in a given population can expect to live to. Life expectancy varies from one country to another

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map

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is a flat drawing that shows all or part of Earth's surface.

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maritime

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on or near the sea

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meridians of longitude

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imaginary lines between the North and South poles that cross the equator at right angles

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meteorology

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the study of weather and what causes it.

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migration stream

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the constant flow of migrants from one country into another country.The largest migration stream into the United States today is from Mexico.

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multiracial

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made up of people from several ethnic groups

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non renewable resource

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a resource that takes so long to form that it can't be replaced. Oil, which takes millions of years to form, is such a resource.

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oil reserves

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oil that has been discovered but remains unused in the ground

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paralells of latitude

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imaginary lines around the Earth that run parallel to the equator

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physical geography

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is the study of the world's physical features- its landforms, bodies of water, climates, soils, and plants.

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physiologic population density
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the population of a country divided by its arable land area

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plural society

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a society in which different cultural groups keep their own identity, beliefs, and traditions

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population density

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where people live in a country, whether crowded together in cities or spread out across the countryside

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prime meridian

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The meridian labeled 0 degrees, from which all other degrees of longitude are measured. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich, England.

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pull factor

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something that encourages people to move to a new place

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push factor

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something that encourages people to leave a place behind

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rate of natural increase

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the annual rate of population growth. This percentage is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. it does not include people moving into or out of a country.

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refugee

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someone who seeks safety by going to another country. Refugees may be escaping political unrest or war. Or they may fear being attacked because of their beliefs

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region

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a part of the world that has one or more common features that distinguish it from surrounding areas.

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regionalism

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The strong connection that people feel towards the region in which they live

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relative location

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the site's location is expressed in general terms. For example, Canada is north of the United States. This general description of where a place is lies is called its relative location.

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renewable resource

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a resource that can't be used up or that can be replaced quickly as it is used up. Sunlight is a renewable resource that can not be used up. Wood is a renewable resource that can be replaced by planting more trees.

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replacement rate

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the total fertility rate needed for a population to replace itself. This number varies by country, but is about 2.1 in most developed countries.

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rural

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found in or living in areas that are not close to cities

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segregation

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the separation of one group of people from another, such as by race. Segregation can involve laws or customs that require different groups to use different facilities and live in separate areas.

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social science

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is a field that studies people and the relationships among them.

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total fertility rate (TFR)
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the average number of children a woman in a given population will have in her lifetime. This number is different in different countries.

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urban

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found in or living in a city

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zero population growth

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a condition in which the population of a country does not grow but remains stable. This condition comes about when the birth rate plus immigration equals the death rate plus emigration