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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mineral
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naturally occuring
inorganic crystalline definite chemical composition |
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Crystal
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matter in the sold state with ordered atomic structure
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Porphyry
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igneous texture consisting of large and small crystals together
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Phenocryst
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a large crystal visible in a porphyritic rock
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Groundmass
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fine grained material in a porphyritic rock
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ferromagnesian
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silicate mieral in which iron and magnesium are essential chemical components
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petrology
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science of the origins of rocks
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rock
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generally a composit of mineral grains in contrast to glass
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igneous rock
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solidified from a melt
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volatiles
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substances that are responsible for explosive eruptions
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Felsic
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light colored
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mafic
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dark colored
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sedimentary rock
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deposited at the earth's surface in layers under cool conditions
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clastic sediment
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consists of particles eroded from a source region and transported to the site of deposition
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clast
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particle or fragment within a terrigenous clastic sediment
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chemical sediment
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biochemical sediment- material precipitated from the dissolved state
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evaporite sediment
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deposited through evaporation of sea water
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diagenesis
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changes that occur in a sediment at low temperature and pressure after burial that transform it into sedimentary rock
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stratification
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layering, typically horizontal in sedimentary rocks
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metamorphic grade
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intensity of metamorphic conditions, ranging from mild to extreme indicated by a distintive mineralology or texture
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foliation
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parallel alignment of platy or elongated mineral grains
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index fossil
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a fossil that is particularly yseful in dating the strata in which it is found
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