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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is political geography |
- examines complex relationships b/w politics + geography (2-way relationship) - geography of politics |
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geopolitics |
states' power to control space/territory and shape foreign policy of indiv. states int'l political relations |
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1897 Fredrich Ratzel theory of state power |
-1897 German school of thought - states are organisms - must get continued nourishment - states are made up of humans, so a state will act as one - justification for german explosion, as well as imperial claim |
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1904 Halford Mackinder theory of state power |
-British/American school 1904 - Heartland theory - land power will lead to world rule - interior eurasia is the pivot area - to control pivot area must control E europe - |
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boundaries |
- define a territory - can be inclusionary, exclusionary or both |
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territory |
- the delimited area over which a state exercises control + that is recognized by other states |
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formal boundaries |
-de jure (in law) -created by gov't , recognized int'l EX. US + Canada |
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informal boundaries |
- de facto (in fact) - related to identity + daily use of a place who lives there EX. gateway to chinatown in Van |
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boundary formation |
- follow natural barriers - straight lines - accomodate special needs + claims |
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state |
- independent political unit - recognized boundaries |
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nation |
- people sharing elements of culture - not necessarily common geography |
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nation-state |
homogenous group with their own state |
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soverignty |
- exercise of state power over people + territory - recognized by other states |
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citizenship |
- belonging to a nation-state - civil, political, social rights + obligations - arose in 18th century - power taken from aristocrats |
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Althusser |
- state as a ideological force (citizens conform) - state as repressive (citizens comply) |
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modern citizen |
- product of popular revolutions - monarchies transformed into republics - imagine community - multinational states |
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nationalism |
- feeling of belonging to a nation - belief that a nation should self-determine |
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when nationalism goes wrong |
-Nazi germany genoicide of Jewish 1940s - Guatmela genocide of Mayans 1980s - Serbian genocide of Bosnians 1990s |
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Imperialism |
- extension of authority - Core over periphery - Direct control (political) - colonialism - Indirect control (military, economic, cultural) –neo-colonialism |
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decoloniztion |
- relates to the acquisition of control by colonized peoples over their own territory |
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effects of colonization |
- colonizers represent selves as superior - orientalism - upsets existing political + economic systems |
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League of Nations |
- Post World War I - Facilitate orderly decolonization - Colonial mandate system - Model for the United Nations |
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Domino Theory |
- communist countries make neighbours communist - dear decolonized states would become communist - US policy to contain Soviets - miltary intervention - coorperation |
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United Nations |
- facilitates politics, economics, society, culture - new regional arrangements - managements of watersheds and basin - health + sanitation standards - regional planning + tourism |
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supranational organizations |
- common economic/political goals - organizes + regulates operations - diminished dovereignty - collective advantages |
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regionalism |
- feeling of collective identity based on a pop. polictio-territorial ID w/ a state or across state boundaries -may seek autonomy |
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self-determination |
- right of a group w/ a distinctive politico-terrortial identity to determine its own destiny , at least in part, through the control of its own territory |
