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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Defintion of a mineral |
Naturally occuring Inorganic (Never lived, though some minerals may be biproducts of organisms) Definite chemical composition (quarts SiO2, pyrite FeS2, etc.) Crystalline (has an ordered arrangement of atoms) |
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Definition of a rock |
coherent Naturally Occurring Generally composed of one or more minerals. |
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How to identify a mineral |
Color Luster Streak Hardness Cleavage Fracture Crystal form Misc. Properties |
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Color |
The intrinsic color of the mineral. But many minerals have multiple colors. But for ex: Sulfur = yellow, Olivine = green, Pyrite = brassy yellow. |
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Luster |
Metallic: Looks like a metal like gold, silver, iron, etc. Non-metallic: Vitreous or glassy (strong glint), pearly (looks like mother of pearl), silky (resulting from parallel fibers), Earthy (dull, little or no reflection) |
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Streak |
Color of powdered residue left behind when a mineral is dragged across an unglazed porcelain plate. |
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Hardness |
Mohs Hardness Scale (1 = soft, 10 = hard) Fingernail = 2.25 Penny = 3.5 Knife, nail = 5-5.5 Glass plate = 6 |
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Cleavage |
Breakage of a mineral along a flat plane of weakness |
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Fracture |
Uneven breakage (non-planar breakage) Conchoidal: breaks along a surface marked by concentric circles. Splintery: like splinters in wood. Uneven: a "catch-all" term for non-diagnostic, non-planar breakage |
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Crystall form |
How a mineral grows, may be difficult to distinguish from cleavage. Crystal faces grow with a variety of orientations, whereas there are at most a few cleavage directions. |
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LAB3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
LAB3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! |
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How Igneous rocks form |
Igneous rocks form by crystallization (or solidification) of melted minerals |
