Genetics:reproduction And Chromosome Transmission Part 3

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production of gametes

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GAMETOGENESIS

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In early embryonic development, a group of cells become committed to form the germ line cells

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primordial germ cells

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proliferate through mitosis, and later undergo meiosis to produce mature sperm or eggs

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PGCs

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Takes place in the seminiferous tubules of the testes

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SPERMATOGENESIS

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In the fetus, the PGCs dvide by mitosis and differentiate into spermatogonia
The spermatogonia remain quiescent until puberty
At puberty, spermatogonia differentiate into primary spermatocytes
The primary spermatocytes undergo Meiosis I to produce secondary spermatocytes
The secondary spermatocytes undergo Meiosis II to produce spermatids

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SPERMATOGENESIS

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1. Unlike oogenesis, the meiotic divisions in spermatogenesis are

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symmetric

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2. Throughout these meiotic divisions, the “daughter cells” do not completely separate
Rather, they remain attached by narrow

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cytoplasmic bridges

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spermeiogenesis

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The last stage of germ cell development is termed
-There is no cell division
Spermatids undergo a dramatic change to form the spermatozoa

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In the fetus, the PGCs dvide by mitosis and differentiate into

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spermatogonia

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The spermatogonia remain quiescent until

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puberty

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At puberty, spermatogonia differentiate into

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primary spermatocytes

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The primary spermatocytes undergo Meiosis I to produce secondary

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spermatocytes

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The secondary spermatocytes undergo Meiosis II to produce

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spermatids

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. Unlike oogenesis, the meiotic divisions in spermatogenesis ar

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symmetric

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. Throughout these meiotic divisions, the “daughter cells” do not completely separate
Rather, they remain attached by narrow

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cytoplasmic bridges

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spermeiogenesis

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-The last stage of germ cell development is termed
-There is no cell division
Spermatids undergo a dramatic change to form the spermatozoa

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In spermatogenesis, the two meiotic divisions are
-Human spermatogonia develop into mature sperm in roughly 9 weeks

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continuous

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Takes place in the ovaries

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OOGENESIS

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In humans, oogenesis begins in the embryo and continues until

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menopause

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In humans, the two meiotic divisions of oogenesis are

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NOT continuous

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In the fetus, the PGCs divide by mitosis and differentiate into

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oogonia

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Oogonia differentiate into

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differentiate into primary oocytes

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Primary oocytes undergo Meiosis I
However, they are arrested in________ until puberty

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prophase I

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At puberty, the primary oocytes complete Meiosis I to produce

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Secondary oocyte
First polar body

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Cytokinesis in oogenesis is

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asymmetric

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cytoplasm

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The 2o oocyte gets almost all of the ______ of the “parent cell”

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Prior to ovulation, oocytes form in

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follicles