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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mitosis |
Process by which is so divide it's nucleus and its contents |
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meiosis |
forms of nuclear division that divides a diploid cell into haploid cells; important in forming Gametes for sexual reproduction |
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gamete |
sex cell; an egg or a sperm cell |
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zygote |
cell that form when a male gamete fertilizes a female gamete |
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diploid |
cell that has two copies of each chromosome, one from the egg and the other from he sperm |
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haploid |
cell that has only one copy of each chromosome |
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Gregor Mendal |
Father of Genetics, Austrian Monk who used pea plants. he correctly predicted the results of meiosis long before chromosomes were discovered |
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purebred |
type of organism whose ancestors are genetically uniform |
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hybrid |
an animal bred from parents of different breeds |
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offspring |
an animal's young |
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F1 |
first generation produced by a cross and consisting of individuals |
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F2 |
the generation produced by interbreeding individuals of an F1 |
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dominant |
allele that is expressed when two different alleles are present in an organism's genotype |
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recessive |
allele that is not expressed unless two copies are present in an organism's genotype. |
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segregation |
separation of pairs of alleles at meiosis and their |
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allele |
any of the alternate forms of a gene that occurs at a specific place on a chromosome |
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monohybrid cross |
cross, or mating, between organisms that involves only one pair of contrasting traits. |
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dihybrid cross |
cross, or mating, between organisms involving two pairs of contrasting traits. |
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punnett square |
model for predicting all possible genotypes resulting from a cross, or mating |
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homologous chromosome |
body part that is similar in the structure on different functions. |
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homozygous |
characteristics of having two of the same alleles at the same locus of sister chromatids. |
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heterozygous |
characteristic of having two different alleles that appear at the same locus of sister chromatids. |
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genotype |
collection of all of an organism's genetic information that codes for traits. |
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phenotype |
collection of all of an organism's physical characteristics |
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codominance |
heterozygous genotype that equally expresses the traits from both alleles
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incomplete dominance |
heterozygous phenotype that is a blend of the two homozygous phenotypes. |
