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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who is known as the father of genetics?
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Gregor Mendel
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A segment of DNA that generates a protein is known as a....
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gene
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Different forms of the same gene are known as...
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alleles
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If only one allele in the pair is needed for potential expression it is known as...
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a dominant gene
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If both alleles in the pair are needed for potential expression it is known as...
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a recessive gene
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A gene is usually symbolized by a .....
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letter of the alphabet ( usually the first letter of dominant trait)
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A dominant allele is classified by using a ....
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capital letter
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A recessive allele is classified by using a...
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lower case letter
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The genetic make up, either heterozygous or homozygous is known as the....
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genotype
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Homozygous
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two of the same alleles
ex. BB cc DD aa |
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Heterozygous
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having two different alleles
ex. Aa Bb |
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The outward expressed characteristics of a gene is known as a....
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phenotype
(expressed as a result of an activated gene or genes) |
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P stands for....
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parent
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F1 stands for...
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offspring filial "son"
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F2 stands for....
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next generation
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Genes occur in pairs and control the inheritance of traits as a unit
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Law of Unit Characters
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The allele that controls the trait revealed or expressed is the dominant allele...
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Law of dominance
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Only one allele of each gene goes into a gamete...
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Law of Segregation
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Genes separate randomly into gametes and independently of each other....
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Law of Independent Assortment
ex. Tt Bb TB Tb tB tb possible gametes |
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Name Mendel's laws
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-Law of Unit Characters
-Law of Dominance -Law of Segregation -Law of Independent Assortment |
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This is used to show expected ratios in genetic crossings...
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Punnett Squares
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To test if an organism is homozygous dominant or heterozygous dominant for a gene....pure bred or hybrid
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test cross
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Dominant alleles do not completely dominate....
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Incomplete dominance
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Molecules on the surface of a red blood cell are known as...
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antigens
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What determines your blood type?
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the type of antigens on the surface of your RBC's
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Antigens of the blood donor cannot match the antibodies of the receiver....why?
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this would cause clotting in the veins and arteries
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O negative is classified as the ....
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Universal donor
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AB positive is classified as the ....
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Universal receiver
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This condition can occur with Rh neg moms and Rh pos fetuses....
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Rh incompatibility
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Dihybrid cross....
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two factor cross
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Genes located on the same chromosome are known as...
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linked genes
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Genes inherited on the sex chromosomes (X or Y)
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sex linked genes
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What determines if the sex of an infant is male?
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the presence of a Y sex linked gene
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What determines if the sex of an infant is female?
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the absence of a Y sex linked gene
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In every cell, one of the X chromosomes coils up in females...this coiled chromosome is known as...
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Barr body
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Formation of Barr bodies to establish genetic equality in the sexes...
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Dosage Compensation
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Genes found on the X chromosome....
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-colorblindness
-hemophelia -muscular dystrophy |
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the inability for blood to clot...defiency of clotting factor 8 or Factor 9 is known as what condition?
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Factor 8 - Hemophilia A
Factor 9 - Hemophilia B |
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The wasting away of muscles due to poor production of dystrophin protein in muscle cell membranes is found in what condition?
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Muscular Dystrophy
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Types of colorblindness...
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red/green
blue/green red/blue |
