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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gregor mendel |
the grandfather of genetics, and he discovered it by breeding garden peas and controlling the mating. |
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genetic crosses |
to hybridize two variety of pea plants; he used a painters brush ( to transfer the pollen ) |
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mendels law of segregation |
by carrying out these mono hybrid crosses, mendel determined that two alleles for each characteristics, they segregate during gamete production. |
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true breeding |
when plants self-pollinate, all their offspring are of the same variety, purebred or homozygous |
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hybridization |
mating or crossing of the twi varieties, heterozygous |
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monohybrid cross |
a cross that tracks the inheritance of a single characteristics. |
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p generation |
true breeding parents |
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f1 generation |
( first fillial ) the hybrid offspring of the p generation |
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f2 generation |
( second fillial ) thw offspring from the self-fertilization of the f hybrids |
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genotype |
how many of what |
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phenotype |
what does it look like |
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autosomal dominant inheritance |
-an autosome is a non sex linked chromosome ( 22 pairs lf autosomes, 23 pairs of chromosomes ) - does not skip generations - affected individuals ( male & female ) have to carry out at least one dominant gene |
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autosomal reccesive inheritance |
- the reccesive is located on one of the autosomes - CAN skip generations - if both parents have that trait, then all their kids will too, if they dont then not all of there kids will |
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incomplete dominance |
- both genes are expressed but expressed equally - capital letters are used for both alleles |
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example of incomplete dominance |
snap dragons- red= RR, white= WW pink= RW |
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co-dominance |
occurs when alternative alleles are present in the genotype and fully observed in the phenotype |
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sex linked inheritance |
- genes are carried on the sex chromosomes ( x or y ) - affected males pass to all daughters and NO sons - if the mother has an x- linked dominant trait, then all childeren with be affected -if the mother is heterozygous they have a 50-50 chance of being affected |
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sex linked inherent reccesive |
- gene located on the X chromosome - more males than females affected -females only get affected if the father is too - an affected female will affect all sons -daughters can be carriers if the father isnt affected - males CANT be carriers cause they only have one X chromosome - CAN skip generations |
