Genetics Test

Front 1

Allelle

Back 1

An alternative form of a gene

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Autosome

Back 2

any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.

Front 3

Carrier

Back 3

a person or other organism that possesses a particular gene, especially as a single copy whose effect is masked by a dominant allele, so that the associated characteristic (such as a hereditary disease) is not displayed but may be passed to offspring.

Front 4

Codominance

Back 4

Codominance is a relationship between two versions of a gene. Individuals receive one version of a gene, called an allele, from each parent. If the alleles are different, the dominant allele usually will be expressed, while the effect of the other allele, called recessive, is masked

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Dihybrid Cross

Back 5

A cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits.

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Dominant

Back 6

Trait that is expressed when its allele is homozygous or heterozygous.

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F1 Generation

Back 7

The offspring from a cross of two varieties.

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F2 Generation

Back 8

The offspring from crosses among individuals of the F1 generation.

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Fertilization

Back 9

the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.

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Genetics

Back 10

The study of heredity.

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Genotype

Back 11

The genetic makeup of a particular set of genes.

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Hemizygous

Back 12

A chromosome in a diploid organism is hemizygous when only one copy is present. The cell or organism is called a hemizygote.Hemizygosity is also observed when one copy of a gene is deleted, or in the heterogametic sex when a gene is located on a sex chromosome.

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Heredity

Back 13

The transmission of genetic traits from parent to offspring.

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Heterozygous

Back 14

When two alleles are different for a given trait.

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Homozygous

Back 15

When two alleles are the same for a given trait.

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Incomplete Dominance

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Incomplete dominance refers to a genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, and therefore results in a new phenotype.

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Law of Independent Assortment

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Law stating that alleles segregate during meiosis and genes for different traits are inherited independently from each other.

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Law of segregation

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Law stating that alleles segregate during meiosis and genes for different traits are inherited independently from each other.

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Multiple allele trait

Back 19

We inherit half of our genes (alleles) from ma, & the other half from pa, so we end up with two alleles for every trait in our phenotype. An excellent example of multiple allele inheritance is human blood type. Blood type exists as four possible phenotypes: A, B, AB, & O.

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P1 Generation

Back 20

Plants that displayed only one form of a particular trait.

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Phenotype

Back 21

The physical characteristics resulting from a particular set of genes.

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Polygenic

Back 22

of, relating to, or determined by polygenes, a gene whose individual effect on a phenotype is too small to be observed, but which can act together with others to produce observable variation.

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Recessive

Back 23

The trait that is not expressed in F1 generation after crossing.

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Trait

Back 24

An inherited characteristic.