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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the study of heredity
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Genetics
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The father of Genetics
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Gregor Mendel
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two different alleles for a trait
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hybrid
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physical characteristics
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traits
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the passing of traits from parents to offspring
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heredity
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a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
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gene
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an organsims that produces offspring with the same form of a trait as itself
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purbred
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how many alleles does a person inherit for a trait
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2 (one from mom and one from dad)
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always produces offspring that's genetically identical
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asexual
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produces offspring that is NOT genetically identical
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sexual
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Genes control and organisms__?
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traits
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An organisms physical appearance is referred to as __?
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phenotype
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what alleles would represent a tall heterozygous pea plant?
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Tt
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What alleles would represent a dominant homozygous pea plant?
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TT
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What allele would represent a recessive homozygous pea plant?
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tt
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Chromosomes carry ___ from parents to offspring
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genes
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How many alleles can you inherit from mom for a trait
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one
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What does the notation "Aa" mean in genetics?
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Heterozygous
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What does the notation "aa" mean in genetics?
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Homozygous
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the likelihood that an event will occur si called
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probability
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Why does a person who inherits an allele for brown eyes and an allele for blue eyes have brown eyes?
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Brown eyes must have been dominant
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Different forms of a gene are called?
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Alleles
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Offspring that are identical to the parents is a result of which type of reproduction?
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Asexual
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Bacterium use asexual reproduction. It will divide into two cells that are genetically____.
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Identical
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Where are chromosomes located?
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In the nucleus of cells.
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What is the TOTAL number of human chromosomes?
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46 (23 from mom and 23 from dad)
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Chromosomes consists of long chain molecules called?
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DNA
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____ letters are used to represent dominant alleles.
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CAPITAL
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____ letters are used to represent recessive alleles.
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lower case
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a chart used to predict that results of a genetic cross
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punnett square
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Genes are located on structures called
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chromosomes
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a trait that will ALWAYS show up in the organism when the allele is present
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DOMINANT
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a trait that is masked when the dominant allele is present.
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recessive
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Mendel used the principle of ______ to predict the percent of offspring that would show a particular trait.
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Probability
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when an allele is NEITHER dominant nor recessive and both alleles show up in the organisms this is called?
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codominance
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