Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Genetics
|
A discipline of biology, it is the science of heredity and variation in living organisms.
|
|
|
Gene
|
The basic unit of heredity in a living organism.
|
|
|
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
|
A nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses.
|
|
|
Nucleotides
|
Molecules that, when joined together, make up the structural units of RNA and DNA.
|
|
|
Heredity
|
The passing of traits to offspring (from its parent or ancestors).
|
|
|
Locus
|
A fixed position on a chromosome such as the position of a biomarker that may be occupied by one or more genes
|
|
|
Allele
|
Alternative DNA sequences at the same physical gene locus, which may or may not result in different phenotypic traits.
|
|
|
Transcription
|
The synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA
|
|
|
Genotype
|
The genetic constitution of a cell, an organism, or an individual, usually with reference to a specific character under consideration.
|
|
|
Ploidy
|
The number of complete sets of chromosomes in a biological cell.
|
|
|
The haploid number (n)
|
The number of chromosomes in a gamete of an individual.
|
|
|
Monoploid number (x)
|
The number of chromosomes in a single non-homologous set.
|
|
|
Asexual reproduction
|
Reproduction which does not involve meiosis, ploidy reduction, or fertilization.
|
|
|
Sexual reproduction
|
Reproduction characterized by processes that pass a combination of genetic material to offspring, resulting in diversity.
|
|
|
Chromosomal crossover (crossing over)
|
The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase 1 of meiosis.
|
|
|
Genetic linkage
|
A process that occurs when particular genetic loci or alleles for genes are inherited jointly.
|
|
|
Genetic code
|
The set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins by living cells.
|
|
|
Proteins
|
Organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain.
|
|
|
Mutations
|
Changes to the nucleotide sequence of the genetic material of an organism.
|
