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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gametes
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reproductive cells ova or sperm
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zygote
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sperm and egg merge and a living cell is formed
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chromosomes
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23 pairs; hereditary units received from parents carried in these structures
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DNA is responsible for _______________________
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transmitting heriditary information
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gene
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basic unit of heredity;
100,000 genes in humans |
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sex chromosomes are the ____pair
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23rd
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XX is ____ XY is _____
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girl boy
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genotype
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complete genetic makeup including recessive genes
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phenotype indicates what
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an individual's observable traits
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carriers
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unobservable traits
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dominant-recessive pattern
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type of nonadditive pattern--either /or not a compromise
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behavioral genetics
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genes behave differently whether they are inherited from mom or dad
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x-linked genes
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some genes called this because they're on the x chromosome
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monozygotic twins
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identical twins;
one zygote two babies |
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dizygotic twins
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fraternal twins;
2 eggs, 2 sperm |
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t/f
culture plays a rold in the expression of various characteristics |
true
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in most cases the extra chromosome at birth is lethal within months after birth
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true
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down symdrome (trisomy 21)
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extra chromosome on the 21st pair
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PKU
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abnormal digestion of certain proteins; inherited by recessive gene; preventable through dietary modifications
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huntington's disease
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caused by dominant gene;
mental illness in adulthood |
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kleinfelter's syndrome
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XXY; male appearance, but w/o sex organs
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fragile x syndrome
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x chromosome attached thinly that it looks like it will break off
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turner's syndrome
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xo pattern; one sex chromosome
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germinal stage
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marked by conception
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embrionic stage
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3-8th week;
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3 layers of the organism
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ectoderm, mesoderm,endoderm
will form the body system |
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teratogens
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substances and conditions (drugs, radiation) that increase the risk of abnormalities
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examples of teratogens
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rubella;hiv, aids
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low birth weight is defines as
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less than 5.5 pounds
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brazelton national assessment scale
apgar scale |
assesses behavioral and neural functioning
assesses newborn's color and reflexes. |
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object permanence
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awareness that objects which no longer in view still exist
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reversal
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infant able to reverse an action; i.e. refilling an emptied container
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intermodal perception
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ability to associate information from one sense with information from another;
hearing with seeing |
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cross-modal perception
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ability to use information from one sense to IMAGINE something in another
talking on the phone--imagines what caller looks like |
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social-smile
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babies imitate sounds and facial expressions
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underextend
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applying a word to refer to a narrower category of objects
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overextension
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applies words more broadly than their intended meaning
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separation anxiety emerges at _____ and peaks at _______
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8 mos
14 mos |
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infants respond to their face in the mirror at what age
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15-24 mos
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3 major categories of temperament or infant personality
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extroverted, placid or shy
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extroversion
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sociability or inhibition to unfamiliar objects and expressions
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extroversion and shyness are ________
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inherited
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behaviorists hold that ...
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personality is shaped through reinforcements and punishments by parents
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the Strange situation was a study involving what 3 theories
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insecurely attached-resistant; insecurely attached-avoidant; securely attached
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