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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Auxotrophy |
Mutant-type growth of an organism that is not able to grow on minimal media and instead requires supplements for growth |
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Conditional mutant |
An organism is normal under one set of conditions but will be impaired or die under another set |
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Conjugation |
When transfer of DNA (cellular genome or plasmid) requires direct donor-recipient contact (mating). Conjugation requires the fertility factor (F). |
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Fertility Factor (F) |
A circular plasmid that is an extrachromosomal piece of DNA (episome) that is capable of autonomous replication and is smaller than bacterial genome. The fertility factor, or F, is required for conjugation because it allows bacterial strains to obtain donor ability by directing the synthesis of pili (conjugation tubes) required for mating. |
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Hfr (high frequency recombination) |
In some cells, called "Hfr" cells, the F factor is integrated into the bacterial chromosome through recombination of the entire plasmid. |
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Lethal mutant |
An organism with a mutation that affects processes critical for cell survival |
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Minimal media |
The basic synthetic medium for bacterial growth without nutrient supplements |
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Pilus (Pili, plural) |
The conjugation tube required for the sex-like mating process in bacteria through which genetic material is transferred from the donor cell to the recipient cell. |
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Prototrophy |
wild-type growth of an organism that is able to grow on "minimal" medium |
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Transformant |
A cell that has been transformed.
Ex: when a prototroph wild-type allele is donated to an auxotroph such that the auxotroph incorporates the wild-type allele by homologous recombination becoming a prototroph. |
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Transformation |
When a recipient takes up genetic material released by a donor; the transfer of extracellular pieces of DNA |
