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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Colchicine is a plant alkaloid which stops what chromosome process? |
Division |
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Compare haploid and diploid |
H: n condition, Half taken from m, half from f D: 2n condition, in somatic body cells, 2x sperm/egg cell |
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Explain histones |
Alkaline protein in eukaryotic cells, aid packing/order of DNA |
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Spermatogenesis may produce ______ million to ____ billion sperm |
40mil - 1.5 bil |
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What is makeup of semen according to genetics lecture |
Sperm, fructose, proteolytic enzymes |
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Why would we stop the division of chromosomes? |
Locate centromere with wrights/giemsa, determine length of arms (match chromosomes with those of male/female parents), view banding pattern (where genes are located) |
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What is the function of sperm (3) |
Activation factor for egg, provide haploid parental genome, aid repro of cell microtubules |
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What do micro tubules do? |
Conduction of nutrients in cell, aid in pulling chromosomal material apart |
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A homogametic male would be represented as ___ rather than XY |
XX |
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Males will always attain ___ chromosome from sire, and ____ from dam |
Y from sire, x from dam |
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A dioecious animal will produce which gametes |
Produce either egg or sperm |
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A hermaphrodite may produce which gametes |
Produce both |
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A heterogeneity male is considered a ____male |
Normal |
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Explain Klingelter'ssyndrome |
Look male with female characteristics, XXY |
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Explain Turner's syndrome |
One x and no y, look female, sterlility, XO |
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Homogametic sex in birds would be represented __ rather than XX |
ZZ |
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The heterogametic female bird is represented as what |
ZW |
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In certain insect species, XX represents a _____ while XO represents a _____ |
XX-female, XO-male |
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T or f, birds may experience a sex reversal |
T |
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What is the subscript written for a torti cat? |
Oo |
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What subscript would an orange cat be compared to a black cat |
OO orange, oo black |
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Is it the male or female that acts as a carrier of hemophilia? |
Female |
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A torti white female may be represented as what genotype |
XOXo with either WW or Ww |
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Compare meiosis to mitosis |
Meiosis- the resultant cell have half the chromosome number as parent cell Mitosis-cell division in which new cells have same chromosome number as parental |
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What is oo genesis |
Origin and development of the sperm cell |
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What is parthenogenesis |
Development if an underutilizes egg into an adult organism |
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Explain purebred |
Offspring if parents of identical types |
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What is an autosome |
Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |
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Chromosomes are stained during which division stage |
Metaphase |
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What does it mean to be monomorphic |
Identical appearance of sexes |
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What are androgens |
Steroid hormone which bind to receptors |
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What does it mean to be cryptorchid. When does it mainly occur? |
Unilateral withheld descending of testes, 9mos of age |
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Hens kept in cool condition will favor which offspring sex |
Female |
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What is an ova testi in a hen? |
Dormant right ovary |
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What is the cremaster and what is it's function? |
Paired muscles that control testicular movement, also surround spermatic cord |
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Where is luteinizing hormone produced, and what's it's purpose |
Via anterior pituitary gland, trigger ovulation and stim testosterone production |
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What are function of sertoli cells regarding sperm |
'Nurse cell', provide nutrients, aid spermatogenesis, remove residual cytoplasm |
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What is function of epididymis? |
Storage/maturation of spermatids |
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What are the main accessory reproductive glands included in male reproduction |
1. Two seminal vesicles 2. Prostate gland 3. Two Cowpers (bulbourethral) glands |
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Compare uniparous and multiparous |
U- one ovum develops for each ovarian cycle Mnunber of ova are brought to maturity each cycle |
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were does fertilization occur? |
oviduct |
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what are the two outer layers of the placenta? |
outer= amnion, therefore amniotic sac inner= allantois, therefore allantoic sac |
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compare cotyledronary, diffuse, zonary, and discoid placental attachment |
c: small and numerous attachment sites (placentomes), more complicated d: sites spread diffusely over whole placental surface, detach easily z: attachemtn belt-like dis:single disc-shape |
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explain 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimester |
1- zygote developing 2- differentiating stage of fetus structures 3- fetal growth,prep for change from parasitic to free living |
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explain the 3 stages of labour |
1-uterine contraction 2- delivery of newborn 3- delivery of placenta |
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what does independent assortment of traits mean? |
traits don't affect eachother |
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what does trait segregation mean? |
50:50 chance of a trait |
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another name for the law of segregation and recombination is known as ______ law |
Mendel's law |