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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is oviparous?
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When the fertilized egg is deposited to the exterior, hatches its young (eggs are always large in size b/c they containn a large amount of yoke
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What is viviparous?
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When the young are kept in the uterus and they receive nutrients from the mothers bloodstream; the eggs are small and contain little yolk
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What is Ovoviviparous?
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When the eggs are large in size and contain a large amount of yolk and development occurs in the female body, but gets no nutrients from the mothers blood stream
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What is development?
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The first mitotic division/cleavage of the egg
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The study of the development of the zygote from fertilization until birth or hatching is referred to as?
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Embryology
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What is cleavage?
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When all early divisions occur in the zygote; ends up with a packet of 8 cells
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What is the morula?
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Small, solid ball of cells
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What is the blastula?
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Hollow ball of ceels, 1 cell layer thick wall, and a cavity in the center
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What is the blastocele?
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The inner cavity of the blastual filled up with a fluid
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What is gastrulation?
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When the wall of the blastula starts to fold in on itself; The enfolding continues all the way around and becomes a wall that has 2 layers of cells
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What is the archenteron?
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The cavity after gastrulation occurs
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What is the blastopore?
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The opening where gastrulation first started
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What are the three primary germ layers?
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Endoderm, ectoderm, and the mesoderm
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What is the endoderm?
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The inner layer of the gastrula that gives rise to the digestive system and produces lungs
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What is the ectoderm?
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The outer layer that produces the skin and nervous system
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What is the mesoderm?
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The middle layer that produces muscles and the lining of your main body cavity (coelom)
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A record of parents and their offspring over several generations is a?
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Pedigree (written down as they go along) or geneology
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What is selection?
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When geneticists watch for characteristics of an animal and select the one they want
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What is hybridization?
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It is breeding/mating of organisms that show different traits. The traits are combined in the offspring.
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What did Kolreuter discover in 1970?
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With some features, either parent can transmit the feature to their offspring. Males and females contribute equally to their offspring
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Who discovered fertilization in 1855?
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Pringsheim
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Who was able to find the nucleus of sperm combining with the nucleus of the egg cell?
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Hertwig in 1875
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Who discovered mitosis in 1876?
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Strasburger
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Who discovered meiosis in 1887?
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Van Beneden
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Who were Hugo de Vries, Carl Correns, and Erich von Tschermak and what did they discover in 1900?
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They were botanists who discovered that results of identical pairs had been published already. They repeated Mendel's experiements.
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Who was Gregor Mendel and what was he famous for in 1866?
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He laid the foundation for Genetics and is known as the father of genetics.
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What did Cuenot and Bateson discover in 1902?
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They showed that Mendel's ideas applied to mammals as well
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What is Mendel's 1st Law?
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Contrasting expressions of single characters (don't combine them together or mix them up)
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What is a character?
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A detail of structure, function, form, or substance of an organism
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What is an expression?
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A specific condition or situation of the trait
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What is Mendel's second Law?
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The expressions of the traits are determined by the genes
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What is a gene?
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A section of a DNA molecule in the chromosome of the cell
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What is the physical spot where a gene is located on a chromosome called?
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A locus
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What were Sutton, McClung, and Boveri famous for in 1902?
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They were the first to point out that genes were on the chromosomes
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In 1911, Thomas Hunt Morgan introduced what term that was referred to as "factor" by Mendel?
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The gene
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