Genetics Final

Front 1

A type of genetic mapping used with Hfr and F- strains of bacteria is called ____________

Back 1

time of entry

Front 2

A plasmid that confers resistance to multiple antibiotics by recombination with corresponding cassettes is called a __________

Back 2

d. Integron

Front 3

3. The sequence present in a tRNA molecule that undergoes base pairing with the corresponding codon in the mRNA is the __________.

Back 3

anticodon

Front 4

4. Another term for coding sequence in DNA is ________

Back 4

open reading frame

Front 5

DNA replication from the origin of replication is

Back 5

bidirectional & semiconservative

Front 6

A complex of four histone molecules, each present in two copies, wrapped by two turns of DNA is called a _____________.

Back 6

a. Nucleosome

Front 7

A chromosome with its centromere in the middle is

Back 7

b. metacentric

Front 8

Familial Down syndrome may result from which of the following chromosomal abnormalities?

Back 8

heterozygosity for rob(14:21) [Robertsonian translocation]

Front 9

The master sex-determining gene SRY that codes for the testis-determining factor, resides on

Back 9

e. in the short arm of the Y chromosome, but out of pseudoautosomal region.

Front 10

Regions of the chromosome with very few functional genes are called

Back 10

c. heterochromatin.

Front 11

11. In most eukaryotic genomes, the DNA consists of

Back 11

d. unique, and middle and highly repetitive DNA

Front 12

12. Individuals whose karyotypes are 47 XXY are phenotypically ___________

Back 12

Male

Front 13

In DNA sequencing, dideoxyribonucleotides

Back 13

act as chain terminators

Front 14

Gene conversion results from

Back 14

crossing over

Front 15

A megabase of DNA consists of

Back 15

10 6 bp

Front 16

16. A circular DNA molecule that is not over-twisted in either direction is said to be

Back 16

relaxed.

Front 17

17. The consequences of gene conversion are observed in the following fungal tetrad segregation ratios:

Back 17

b and c

Front 18

RNA synthesis on a DNA template is called __________.

Back 18

transcription

Front 19

At the molecular level, crossing over begins with a double strand break, strand invasion and the formation of heteroduplexes which may lead to which of the following

Back 19

All of the above

Front 20

In log of odds genetic mapping in humans the results are given as map distance between a molecular marker and a genetic trait in :
a. Recombination of flanking markers
b. Recombination and the conversion of wild-type to mutant alleles (or vis versa)
c. Gene conversion in the absence of recombination
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

Back 20

all the above

Front 21

20. In log of odds genetic mapping in humans the results are given as map distance between a molecular marker and a genetic trait in :

Back 21

a curve showing how the lod score changes as a function of recombination frequency

Front 22

An exonuclease is an enzyme that can

Back 22

remove a terminal nucleotide in a polynucleotide chain.

Front 23

Which of the following correctly describe an individual with Turner syndrome who is monosomic for the X chromosome

a. euploid
b. 45, X0
c. aneuploid
d. a&b
e. b &c

Back 23

b &c

Front 24

The portion of the tRNA where the amino acid is conjugated.

Back 24

3’ acceptor arm

Front 25

Which processes, are coupled in prokaryotes?

Back 25

Transcription and translation

Front 26

In mRNA translation, Wobble refers to the ability of

Back 26

A single aa-tRNA anticodon to bind to two or more synonymous codons.

Front 27

Heritable change in gene expression that is associated with chemical modification of DNA or chromatin but not with a change in DNA sequence are called __________.

Back 27

Epigenetic

Front 28

The DNA binding site for prokaryotic RNA polymerase

Back 28

Promoter

Front 29

Regions at the 5’ and 3’ end of eukaryotic mRNAs that are not translated into protein.

Back 29

Untranslated region

Front 30

Bacterial operons which are transcribed unless they are specifically turned off are said to be regulated by

Back 30

Repressible transcription

Front 31

A method for treatment of disease by means of DNA rather than proteins or other pharmaceuticals is called ____________.

Back 31

Gene therapy

Front 32

The process of assembling of two DNA molecules by in vitro manipulation is _____________.

Back 32

Recombinant DNA technology

Front 33

A gene whose expression can readily be monitored is a ___________

Back 33

Reporter gene

Front 34

Study of the DNA sequence, organization, function, and evolution of genomes

Back 34

Genomics

Front 35

A nucleotide substitution in a codon that changes a single amino acid is a ____________.

Back 35

Nonsynonymous mutation

Front 36

The presence of two genetically different mitochondria within the same cell is an example of

Back 36

heteroplasmy

Front 37

__________ is a phenomenon in normal mammalian cells in culture whereby cells cease to grow and divide when they are in close physical proximity.

Back 37

Contact inhibition

Front 38

Loss of the presence of the wildtype allele, or loss of its function, in a heterozygous cell, enabling the phenotype of a recessive mutant allele to be expressed, is termed ___________.

Back 38

Loss of heterozygosity

Front 39

A class of mutations which result in multiple contiguous amino acid differences in proteins is likely :

Back 39

frameshift.

Front 40

In a precancerous condition, a new mutation in the cell cycle checkpoint protein p53 will allow which of the following to accumulate in daughter cells_________

a. Deletions
b. Translocations
c. Gene or chromosome amplification

Back 40

All the above

Front 41

Which of the following clusters of terms describes eukaryotic enhancers:

Back 41

cis-acting, variable position

Front 42

In the early stages of the cell cycle, progression from one phase to the next is controlled by the ______________

Back 42

cyclin-CDK complexes.

Front 43

A population of 1  108 bacterial cells undergoes one round of DNA replication and cell division. If a mutation rate of a gene is 1  10-5per replication, the expected number of mutant cells after cell division is

Back 43

10^3

Front 44

1) The maximum recombination frequency that may be measured between two genes in a single mapping experiment is

Back 44

50%

Front 45

An allele is

Back 45

an alternate form of a gene.

Front 46

4) Apply the product law to a coin-flip situation. What is the probability that on three flips of a coin, heads will occur on all three times?

Back 46

1/8

Front 47

5) The fundamental Mendelian process which involves the separation of alleles at the same locus on homologous chromosomes would be called ________

Back 47

segregation

Front 48

6) With codominance, a likely phenotypic ratio resulting from a monohybrid cross would be

Back 48

1:2:1

Front 49

7) If a typical somatic cell has 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are expected in each gamete of that organism?

Back 49

12

Front 50

In tigers, a recessive allele causes a white tiger (virtual absence of fur pigmentation). If two phenotypically normal tigers are mated and produce a white offspring, what is the probability that these tigers will have another white offspring?

Back 50

1/4

Front 51

Tight curly hair is caused by a dominant gene in humans. This trait is rare among northern Europeans. If a curly-haired northern European marries a person with straight hair, what proportion of their offspring would be expected to have curly hair?

Back 51

1/2 curly

Front 52

11) A condition in which one gene pair masks the expression of a non-allelic gene pair is _____.

Back 52

epistasis

Front 53

12) The physical or biochemical expression of the genotype is called the ____________.

Back 53

phenotype

Front 54

13) All of the following are genetic markers that can be used to follow a trait between generations except ___________

Back 54

complementation

Front 55

14) Hemizygosity would most likely be associated with which of the following?

Back 55

X-linked inheritance

Front 56

15) Hemophilia is caused by several genetic factors; one, a sex-linked recessive gene, is the subject of this problem. Assume that a man with hemophilia marries a normal woman whose father had hemophilia. What is the probability that their first child will have hemophilia? [Hint: in this problem you must include the probability of having a son in your computation of the final probability.]

Back 56

1/4

Front 57

16) A man who carries an X-linked allele (gene) will pass it on to

Back 57

all of his daughters.

Front 58

17) Assuming independent assortment in a test cross between an individual who is double heterozygous and a tester strain that is homozygous recessive for both traits, the proportion of offspring who are double homozygous recessive are:

Back 58

¼

Front 59

The chromatids in a pair of chromosomes are held together at a specific region of the chromosome called the

Back 59

centromere.

Front 60

19) A cell with a nucleus containing only one set of chromosomes, consisting of one member of each homologous pair, is

A. diploid B. haploid C. somatic cell D. gamete

Back 60

E. both B and D

Front 61

20) The mitotic stage in which the chromosomes condense, the nucleoli disappear, and the mitotic spindle forms is known as

Back 61

prophase

Front 62

Parents heterozygous for a recessive allele are called:

Back 62

Carriers

Front 63

Meiosis consists of how many successive nuclear divisions?

Back 63

two

Front 64

23) The centromeres of sister chromatids uncouple and chromatids separate in which meiotic phase?

Back 64

. anaphase II

Front 65

24) When three genes are close together, the frequency at which double crossovers occur is usually reduced by __________________.

Back 65

Interference

Front 66

25) With respect to chromosome number, the first division in meiosis is known as the ______ division.

Back 66

reductional

Front 67

Which of the following statements about restriction enzymes is false?

Back 67

B. Unlike many morphological phenotypes restriction fragment length polymorphisms are dominant.

Front 68

Which one of the following statements about sex determination in chickens is false?

Back 68

♂ are hemizygous for the sex chromosome

Front 69

28) In a mating between individuals with the genotypes IAIO x IOIO, what percentage of the offspring are expected to have the O blood type?

Back 69

50%

Front 70

Genes that are found on the same chromosome are said to be ____________.

Back 70

linked

Front 71

In the universal genetic code, minimum number of bases needed to specify one of the twenty common amino acid is:

Back 71

3