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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Responsive elements
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Additional regulatory DNA sequences can be close to +1
Hundreds of bases from +1 |
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Distant regulatory sites
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Thousands of bases from +1
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DNA binding domain
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binds to promoter
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Transcriptional regulatory domain
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interacts with t/sc machinery. Bring machinery into place
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DNA binding domain uses what to interact with DNA?
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use helix-turn-helix, zinc finger, leucine zippper
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TRD
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interacts with basal complex
recurits machinery |
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TRD recruits co-activators that do what?
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modify chromatin since it is a barrier to t/sc
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Acetyl transferase
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Covalent modification of histone proteins by this enzyme
Ex: acetylation: transfer acetyl grpn from acetyl CoA onto histones of chromatin |
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acetylation of chromatin
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Acetylation takes place on Lys residues which reduces + charge on Lys-->weakenes interactions btw + histones & - P-->reduces packing of nucleosomes-->chromatin opens up-->new binding site for protien-->ATP dependent remodeling E induces sliding of nucleosome along DNA-->increases gap which allows RNA polII & TFII-D to gain access to DNA
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DNA methylation
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Heterochromatin (not expressed)-heavly methylated resulting in tighter packing
euchromatin (expressed) contains much less methylation, loosely packed |
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Steroid hormone receptors
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Hydrophobic, cytopasmic-->binds to receptor-->goes into nucleus-->binds to hormone responsive element-->activates genes
Ex: glucocorticodes-->binds to hormone responsive element-->GNG |
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Cholestrol Metabolism
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SREBP (sterol response element binding protein)
low cholestrol-->signal to protease-->releases cytoplasmic domain-->nucleus-->turns on 30 genes-->makes cholestrol |
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NF-kB (nuclear factor regulates t/sc of k chain for inflammatory process)
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Anchored in cytosol to I-KB-->NF-kB cannot go into nucleus because trapped by I-kBB
Once get a signal from virus-->cytokines released-->ubiquitination picks out I-kB from NK-kB-->degradation of I-kB-->now, NF-kB goes into nucleus-->binds to responsive element-->inflammatory response |
