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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain how a Punnet Square is used |
A diagram used to predict the outcome of parental traits in their offspring.... |
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What happens if mutation occurs? |
This is a permenant change in DNA, the hereditary material of life. An organism's DNA can affect how it looks, how it behaves, and its physiology — all aspects of its life. So a change in an organism's DNA can cause changes in all aspects of its life.
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What is an allele? |
An alternative form of the same gene for a given trait |
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What is a gene? |
The basic unit of heredity information that controls traits of an organism |
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How is incomplete dominance different from normal dominant/recessive traits? |
Neither gene is dominant or recessive |
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What are sex linked disorder - provide examples |
A sex linked disorder is a genetic problem that is a result found in a sex chromosone. An example would be hemophilia |
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What is sickle-cell anemai? How is it inherited? |
A recessive inherited disirder of the red blood cells. It is inherited through recessive traits. |
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What is a term used to describethe following combination: Aa |
Heterozygous |
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What is the term used to decribe the following combinations: AA or aa |
Homozygous |
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When we write out genotypes we write out letters - what is the significance of capitals? |
Dominant Traits |
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When wwe write out genetypes, we write out letters - what is the significance of lower case letters? |
Recessive Traits |
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Gregor Mendel 3 important facts |
1. His experiments served as the cornerstone for the science of genetics 2. He controlled pollination in his experiments with pea pods 3. He was able to achieve the outcome of his desired traits |
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Hybrid Cross |
an offspring resulting from the cross between parents of different species or sub species |
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Genetic Disorder |
A gentic problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome |
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Hemophillia |
A group of hereditary genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to control blood clotting (stop bleeding). It is a sex-linked, x chromosome disorder, and therefore more likely to occur in males |
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Incomplete Dominance |
This means that neither gene is dominant or recessive. It will result in a third phenotype. |
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Mutation |
A permenant, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence in a gene or a chromosone. |
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Polygenic Inheritance |
A non-Mendelian form of inheritance in which a particular trait is produced by the interaction of many genes |
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Sickle Cell Anemia |
A genetic disorder that causes weakeness, fatigue (tired) because less oxygen is being received throughout the body because the blood cells are shaped differently (Like a half - moon instead of a circle) |
