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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Homogametic
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sex produces identical gametes
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Turner syndrome
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45 chromosomes
X |
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Klinefelter syndrome
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47 chromosomes
XXY |
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How do mammals solve dosage problem w 2 Xs in females and one in males?
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in females one X chromosome is condensed and mostly inactive so each sex has one active X chromosome
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Barr bodies
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- inactivated X chromosome
- darkly stained region near nuclear envelop of interphase - Formed as part of mechanism for dose compensation |
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what determines sex of a fruit fly?
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# haploid sets of autosomes/# X chromosomes
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aneuploidy
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- chromosome number is not a multiple of a complete set
- organism gains or loses one or more chromosome but not complete haploid set |
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Down syndrome
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Trisomy 21
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Edward syndrome
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trisomy 18
Die by age 1 |
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Patau syndrome
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trisomy 13
50% die by age 1 95% die by age 3 |
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Trisomy 8
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Mosaic individuals can have normal life expectancy
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trisomy
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gain of a single chromosome
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Monosomy
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Loss of single chromosome
2n-1 |
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Tetrasomy
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gain of 2 homologous chromosomes
2n+2 |
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nullisomy
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Loss of both members of homologous pairs
2n-2 |
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linkage group
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all genes located on the same chromosome
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complete linkage
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all parental a
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sturtevant
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first chromosome map
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Robertsonian translocation
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chromosome rearrangement caused by 2 particular chromosomes joining together
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translocation monosomy
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Down syndrome
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translocation monosomy
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Down syndrome
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uniparental disomy
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Two chromosomes from one parent
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gynandromorph
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one side female, one side male
one extra X, mitotic nondisjunction |
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creighton and mcclintock
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proved physical breakage of chromosomes occurred
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cis
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will type alleles on one chromosome, mutant on a different chromosome
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cis
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will type alleles on one chromosome, mutant on a different chromosome
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trans
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each chromosome has one wild type and one mutant allele
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conjugation
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plasmid transfer or partial genome transfer
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conjugation
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plasmid transfer or partial genome transfer
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transformation
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partial genome transfer by DNA uptake
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transduction
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transfer as part of viral genome
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Lederberg and Zinder
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transduction
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Hershey and Rotman
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phage recombination
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