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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GENE
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A SEQUENCE OF DNA NUCLEOTIDES THAT CODES FOR A SPECIFIC MOLECULE OR PROTEIN
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ALLELE
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AN ALTERNATE FORM OF A GENE
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DOMINANT
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THIS ALLELE WILL BE EXPRESSED OVER ANY OTHER ALLELE TYPE. WRITTEN IN CAPITALS
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RECESSIVE
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ALLELE THAT WILL BE MASKED OR HIDDEN BY A DOMINATE ALLELE. WRITTEN IN lowercase
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AUTOSOME
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CHROMOSOMES THAT CARRIES GENES FOR TRAITS OF AN ORGANISM'S BODY
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SEX CHROMOSOME
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CHROMSOME THAT CARRIES THE GENES THAT DETERMINE GENDER ( X OR Y)
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HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES
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MATCHING PAIR BASED ON
SIZE, BANDING PATTERN, AND LOCATION OF CENTROMERE OR TELOMERE |
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KARYOTYPE
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PICTURE OF CHROMOSOMES
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MENDEL
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FATHER OF GENETICS
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PRINCIPLE OF DOMINANCE
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SOME ALLELES ARE DOMINANT AND OTHERS RECESSIVE
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LAW OF SEGREGATION
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ALLELES SEPARATE FROM ONE ANOTHER DURING GAMETE FORMATION SO THAT EACH GAMETE HAS ONE ALLELE
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LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
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ALLELES ARE DISTRIBUTED TO GAMETES INDEPENDENT FROM ONE ANOTHER (EXAMPLE: BLONDE HAIR INDEPENDENT OF BLUE EYES)
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GENETICS
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THE STUDY OF HOW CHARACTERISTICS ARE PASSED FROM ONE GENERATION OF ORGANISM TO THE NEXT
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GENOME
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ALL THE DNA IN AN INDIVIDUAL CELL OF AN ORGANISM
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GENOTYPE
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THE GENETIC MAKEUP OF AN ORGANISM
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PHENOTYPE
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THE PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OR EXPRESSION OF A GENOTYPE.
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HOMOZYGOUS
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BOTH ALLELES FOR A GENE ARE THE SAME.
DOMINANT = BB RECESSIVE = bb |
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HETEROZYGOUS
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THE ALLELES FOR A GENE ARE DIFFERENT
EXAMPLE: Bb |
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CARRIER
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ORGANISM THAT IS HETEROGYGOUS FOR A RECESSIVE TRAIT EVEN THOUGH NOT EXPRESSED
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PROBABILITY
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THE LIKELIHOOD THAT SOMETHING WILL HAPPEN
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PUNNETT SQAURE
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TABLE THAT SHOWS THE PREDICTIONS ABOUT THE OFFSPRING PRODUCED BY A GENETIC CROSS
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MONOHYBRID CROSS
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SHOWS THE PROBABILITY OF OCCURENCE FOR ONE TRAIT. THE PUNNET SQUARE WILL HAVE 4 SQUARES
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DIHYBRID CROSS
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TABLE THAT SHOWS THE PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE FOR TWO TRAITS. 16 SQUARES
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