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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Nucleus |
Inside a cell, contains DNA + controls the cell. |
Inside a cell.... |
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Chromosome |
Found in the nucleus of cells. Made of DNA. They carry genetic information in the form of genes. |
Found in the nucleus... |
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DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic acid. Makes up chromosomes. |
Makes up... |
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Gene |
A short length of DNA that carries the genetic code for a trait. |
A short length of... |
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Genotypes |
Tt, combination of alleles in your DNA |
TT, Tt, tt |
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Phenotypes |
The trait that shows up based upon the genotype eg green peas |
Eg non tongue rolling Photo |
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Cell division |
There are 2 types of cell division. Mitosis and Meiosis. Mitosis makes new body cells and produce 2 identical daughter cells that have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. Meiosis makes sex cells (gametes) and produce 4 non identical daughter cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. |
Mitosis and Meiosis |
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Nucleotide bases |
Thymine = Adenine Cytosine = Guanine |
A, T, C, G |
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Homozygous |
Both alleles are the same eg TT, tt |
TT, tt |
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Homozygous |
Both alleles are the same eg TT, tt |
TT, tt |
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Heterozygous |
The alleles are different eg Tt |
Tt |
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Allele |
An allele is a variant form of a gene |
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Nucleotide |
Form the basic structural unit of DNA. Composed of a sugar, a phosphate and a base. |
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Base |
Parts of DNA that are involved in pairing. The bases on DNA are cytosine, guanine, adenine and thymine. |
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Trait |
A genetically determined characteristic or condition. |
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Trait |
A genetically determined characteristic or condition. |
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Protein |
Large, biologically important polymers comprised of sequences of amino acids. |
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Dominant |
Only one copy of a dominant allele is needed for the characteristics to show up. |
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Dominant |
Only one copy of a dominant allele is needed for the characteristics to show up. |
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Recessive |
Two copies of a recessive allele is needed for the characteristics to show up. |
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Pure-bred |
Not mixed or adulterated with any other substance of material. |
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Pedigree chart |
A diagram that shows the occurence and appearance or phenotype of a particular gene or organism. |
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Pedigree chart |
A diagram that shows the occurence and appearance or phenotype of a particular gene or organism. |
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Test cross |
To determine if a group exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous for that trait. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Gamete |
Make or female reproductive cells (sperm + ova) that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Gamete |
Make or female reproductive cells (sperm + ova) that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. |
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Zygote |
A fertilised ova (egg) that contains a full set of chromosomes. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Gamete |
Make or female reproductive cells (sperm + ova) that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. |
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Zygote |
A fertilised ova (egg) that contains a full set of chromosomes. |
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Asexual reproduction |
Production involving only one parent (usually female). The offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Gamete |
Make or female reproductive cells (sperm + ova) that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. |
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Zygote |
A fertilised ova (egg) that contains a full set of chromosomes. |
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Asexual reproduction |
Production involving only one parent (usually female). The offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other. |
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Sexual reproduction |
Reproduction involving only two parents. The offspring are different to the parent and to each other. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Gamete |
Make or female reproductive cells (sperm + ova) that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. |
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Zygote |
A fertilised ova (egg) that contains a full set of chromosomes. |
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Asexual reproduction |
Production involving only one parent (usually female). The offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other. |
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Sexual reproduction |
Reproduction involving only two parents. The offspring are different to the parent and to each other. |
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Mutation |
A change in the base sequence of DNA. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Gamete |
Make or female reproductive cells (sperm + ova) that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. |
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Zygote |
A fertilised ova (egg) that contains a full set of chromosomes. |
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Asexual reproduction |
Production involving only one parent (usually female). The offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other. |
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Sexual reproduction |
Reproduction involving only two parents. The offspring are different to the parent and to each other. |
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Mutation |
A change in the base sequence of DNA. |
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Crossing over |
A process that occurs during Meiosis whereby sections of homologous chromosomes are exchanged. |
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Genetic variation |
The genetic differences between organisms within a population. It can be continuous or discontinuous. |
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Meiosis |
A type of cell division used to produce cell (gametes) for sexual reproduction that are different to each other and to the parent. |
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Gamete |
Make or female reproductive cells (sperm + ova) that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell. |
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Zygote |
A fertilised ova (egg) that contains a full set of chromosomes. |
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Asexual reproduction |
Production involving only one parent (usually female). The offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other. |
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Sexual reproduction |
Reproduction involving only two parents. The offspring are different to the parent and to each other. |
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Mutation |
A change in the base sequence of DNA. |
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Crossing over |
A process that occurs during Meiosis whereby sections of homologous chromosomes are exchanged. |
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Independent assortment |
A process that occurs during Meiosis whereby the chromosomes line up in random order before seperate games, creating unique gametes. |
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