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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adaptation |
A feature that helps an organism to survive in its environment. |
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Allele |
An alternative form of a gene, eg. B or b. |
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Amino Acid |
A molecule that forms proteins. |
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Bases |
Make up of the "rungs" of the DNA ladder. There are four types - adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T) and cytosine (C). |
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Chromosomes |
A structure found in the nucleus of cells that is made of DNA and carries the cell's genetic information. |
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DNA |
The chemical instructions for living things, made up of the four bases adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine . |
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Double Helix |
The twisted ladder shape of DNA. |
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Gene |
A section of DNA that gives an instruction - codes for a characteristic. |
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Mutation |
A new, random variation in a gene, which may have a positive effect, negative effect or no effect. Positive ones can drive evolution. |
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Natural Selection |
A process that drives evolution, where traits that give an organism better chances of survival are "selected" and survive into the next generation. |
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Nucleus |
The central part of a cell where the chromosomes are stored and from where the cell is controlled. |
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Protein |
A long complex chain of amino acids that is ultimately determined from the base sequence on DNA. |
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Selective Breeding |
Organisms with desirable traits are selected in each generation and used to breed from. |
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Trait |
A particular variant of a characteristic e.g. yellow or green seed colour. |
