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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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heredity |
the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another. |
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Monohybrid cross |
A cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits |
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P generation |
Parental generation, The first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross |
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F2 generation |
The second generation of offspring, obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation |
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dominant |
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homozygous |
describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes |
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genotype |
The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits |
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Law of segregation |
Mende's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosomes from each pair is present in each gamete |
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Punnett Square |
A graphic used to predict the results the of a genetic cross |
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probability |
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event |
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Sex-linked gene |
A trait that is determined by a gene found on one of the sex chromosomes, such as the X chromosomes or the Y chromosomes in humans |
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Incomplete dominance |
A condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of the individual's two parents because the dominant allele is unable to express itself fully |
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codominance |
A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed |
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Genetics |
The science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parent to offspring |
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true-breeding |
Describes organisms or genotypes that are homozygous for a specific trait and thus always produce offspring that have the same phenotype for that trait |
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F1 Generation |
The first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms |
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allele |
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
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recessive |
Describes a trait or an allele that is expressed only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited |
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heterozygous |
Describes an individual that has two different alleles for a trait |
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phenotype |
An orgainism |
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Law of independent assortment |
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Test cross |
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pedigree |
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Polygenic inheritance |
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Multiple alleles |
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Dihybrid cross |
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