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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what occurs in conservative replication, semiconservative replication, and dispersive replication
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-original DNA helix is conserved
-each new strand has one "old" and one "new" strand -parental strands are dispersed throughout new strands |
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what the conclusion of the Meselson Stahl Experiment
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DNA replication is semi-conservative
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in the Meselson Stahl Exp, which type of DNA replication was ruled out after the 1st Generation
-the 2nd Generation? |
-Conservative
-then Dispersive |
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what was the conclusion of the Taylor-Woods exp
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eukaryotic replication is semi-conservative
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what is a replicon
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length of new replicated DNA (circular DNA)
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what is the definition of DNA polymerase
-what does it require |
catalyzes DNA synthesis
-DNA template and 4 dNTPs |
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what is the process of placing nucleotides in DNA polymerase
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-nucleotide added
-2 terminal phosphates cleaved -free 3`-OH group available for next nucleotide |
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which polymerase can initiate synthesis
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none
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which polymerase can polymerize 5` to 3`
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all (I II and III)
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which polymerase has 3` to 5` exonuclease activity
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all (I II and III)
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which polymerase has 5` to 3` exonuclease activity
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only DNA polymerase I
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what is significant about DNA polyermase III
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responsible for in vitro 5` to 3` polymerization
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what is purpose of DNA helicase
(types) |
unwinds DNA helix by breaking H-bonds (DnaA is main helicase)
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what is purpose of SSBP (single-stranded binding proteins)
-where is located |
stabilize the open conformation by prevent H-bonds between separated base pairs
-behind DNA helicase |
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what is purpose of DNA gyrase
-where is it located |
prevents supercoiling by cutting strands of DNA, allowing them to unwind, then resealing them
-ahead of DNA helicase |
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what synthesis DNA primer
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primase
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what are the two components that aid in connecting okazaki fragments
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DNA poly I: removes DNA primer and replaces with nucleotides
DNA ligase: binds fragments together |
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what is the main distinction between DNA replication in eukaryotes compared to prokaryotes
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contains multiple origins of replication
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what are the cross structures that form due to genetic recombination called
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Holiday Structures
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what are telomeres
-what happens to them during replication |
long stretches of replicated sequences that provide structural integrity of the end of chromosomes
-problematic during replication, tend to shrink during replication |
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what is the difference between the geneticist and biochemist approach
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Biochemist: performed outside of cell; tiny portion of cell is taken and studied to see how it works
Geneticist: performed inside the cell; alter cells and study how they respond to this alteration |
