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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the difference between particulate and blending models of inheritance?
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~ Particulate : Parents pass on discrete heritable units ( genes) ( mendel)
~ Blending: Offspring look like a mix of both parents |
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How are the predictions of particulate and blending models different?
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Particulate- No intermediate color, no traits lost
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Blending - intermediate color, traits lost
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What is the difference between an organism's genotype and phenotype?
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Genotype- genetic make up of an organism
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Phenotype- expresses traits of an organism.
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What determines an organism's phenotype?
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Interaction of genes and enviorment
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Understand how simple Mendelian traits are passed from parents to offspring.
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Variations in traits caused by alternative versions of genes = ( alleles)
For each trait an organism inherits 2 alleles ( 1 from each parent). Each alleles differ then dominant allele expressed and recessive allele has no effect on phenotype. The 2 alleles for each trait separate during sex cell formation = meiosis. |
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Define " dominant"
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the allele that determines the phenotype with respect to a particular gene
HH or Hh |
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Define "recessive" chromosome
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the allele that has no noticeable effect on each phenotype
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Heterozygous
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having two different alleles for a given gene
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"hemizygous"
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having or characterized by one or more genes ( as a genetic deficiency or in a X chromosome paired with a Y chromosome) that have no allelic counter parts
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**Describes an individual who has only one member of a chromosome pair or chromosome segment rather than the usual two; refers in particular to X-linked genes in males who under usual circumstances have only one X chromosome
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what are autosomes?
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A chromosome not directly involved in determining the sex of an organism
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What is a sex chromosome?
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a chromosome that determines whether an individual is male or female
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what genes are on the X- Chromosome?
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X has more then Y
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What genes are on the Y-chromosome?
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less then X
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Which has more genes; the X- chromosomes or the Y- chromosomes?
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X- chromosome
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what is meant by " sex trait" ?association between genes in sex chromosomes that makes some characteristics appear more frequently in one sex than in the other
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You should be able to do both classical or Mendelian genetics problems and sex-linked genetics problems.
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gkh
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Be sure you can tell the difference between classical genetics problems and sex-linked problems.
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classical is 4
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sex-linked is 16
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What happens when a fertilized egg winds up with the wrong number of sex chromosomes?
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YYX= superman male
XXY=male XXX=female |
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Do different species have the same number of chromosomes?
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no
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Is it true that more complex organisms have more chromosomes?
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no
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Define " homozygous"
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having two identical alleles for a given gene
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