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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5’-3’ is how DNA is synthesized. Which directions does it flow with respect to the terminus |
N-terminus to C-terminus |
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How is mRNA transcribed? |
By DNA plolymerase |
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What’s the start codon? |
AUG- methionine |
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What are the stops codons? |
UGA UAG UAA |
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rRNA is made in the nucleolus and acts as a: |
Ribozyme |
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How does the wobble position work in point mutations? |
The third nucleotide in the sequence changes to code for the same amino acid (silent mutation) |
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Truncation is another term for what kind of mutation? |
Nonsense mutations |
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Frameshift mutations act bt |
Adding or deleting an entire nucleotide sequence. |
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What unwinds DNA? |
Helicase Topoisomerase |
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RNA polymerase synthesizes |
RNA |
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Specialized regions of DNA that binds RNA polymerase |
Promoters |
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3 steps of post-transcriptional processes |
Splicing if intron/Exons 5’ cap 3’ poly-A tail |
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How does splicing work? |
Introns are removed so that exons can be lighted together |
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What allows RNA to exit the nucleus? |
Exons |
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Translation steps |
Initiation Elongation Termination |
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Operons are |
A cluster of genes transcribed as a single mRNA and share a single promoter |
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What are the codes for a repressor |
Structural gene, operator site, regulator gene |
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Inducible systems |
Repressed binds to operator system and blocks RNA polymerase |
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How do inducible systems work? |
The inducer must bind the repressor protein so RNA can move in the presence of the blockage |
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Example of inducible systens |
Lac operon: only induced when lactose is high and glucose is low |
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Repressive systems are |
Inactive until the repressive binds to a corepressor. It then binds to the operating site |
