Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Absolute Zero
|
O k, -273C -459F temperature at which all molecular motion stops
|
|
|
Acceleration
|
Change in velocity
|
|
|
Acid
|
A substance that is able to donate H- ions (protons)
|
|
|
Activation Energy
|
Minimum energy for a reaction to occur
|
|
|
Active Site
|
Specific site on a catalyst or enzyme where reactions occur
|
|
|
Adhesion
|
Binding force between two non-alike substances
|
|
|
Air
|
78%Nitrogen
21%Oxygen 1%Argon |
|
|
Alkanes
|
Carbon compound with only single C-C bonds
|
|
|
Alkenes
|
C compound with a Carbon double bond
|
|
|
Alkynes
|
C compound with a Carbon Carbon triple bonds
|
|
|
Alpha Particle radiation
|
particle with 2 protons and 2 neutrons (a helium nucleus)
|
|
|
Anion
|
Negatively charged ion
|
|
|
Angiosperms
|
Flowering plants
|
|
|
Anode
|
electrode where oxidation occurs
|
|
|
AMU
|
Atomic mass unit
|
|
|
Atomic number
|
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
|
|
|
Avogardo's number
|
6.02 x 10^23; number of molecules per mole of a substance
|
|
|
Base
|
H+ acceptor; produces an excess of OH- ions in solution
|
|
|
Beta particles
|
Radiation composed of electrons
|
|
|
Biosphere
|
Part of the earth where organims live
|
|
|
Breeder reactor
|
Reactor that produces more fissionable fuel than it consumes
|
|
|
Calorie
|
Unit of energy
1 cal = 4.18 Joules |
|
|
Cathode
|
Electrode at which reduction occurs
|
|
|
Capicitance
|
Charge holding ability
|
|
|
Cation
|
Positively charged ion
|
|
|
Chiral
|
A molecule that cannot be superimposed on its mirror image
|
|
|
Cohesive forces
|
Attractive forces between like molecules
|
|
|
Critical mass
|
Smallest amount of fissionable material needed to sustain a chain reaction
|
|
|
Conduction
|
Transfer of Heat by contact
|
|
|
Convection
|
Transfer of Heat by circulation currents
|
|
|
Current/Voltage relationship
|
Ohm's law
|
|
|
Density
|
Mass/Volume Ratio
|
|
|
Deuturium
|
aka Heavy Hydrogen
Contains an extra neutron |
|
|
Diffraction
|
Light spreading when passing through a slit
|
|
|
Dry ice
|
Solid Carbon Dioxide
|
|
|
Electrolyte
|
Substance that produces ions in a solution
|
|
|
EMF
|
Electromotive force: electrical pressure measured in volts
|
|
|
Endothermic
|
Reaction in which heat is absorbed
|
|
|
Entopy
|
Measure of disorder in system
|
|
|
Exothermic
|
Reaction in which heat is given off
|
|
|
Faraday
|
Charge equal to 1 mole of electrons
|
|
|
Fission
|
Splitting of a large nucleus into two or more
|
|
|
Fusion
|
Joining of 2 light nuclei to form a more massive one
|
|
|
Charles' Law
|
Gas Temp/Volume Relationship
|
|
|
Boyle's Law
|
Gas pressure/Volume Relationship
|
|
|
Ground State
|
Lowest energy and mot stable state
|
|
|
Gymnosperm
|
Non flowering plants
|
|
|
Heat of fusion
|
Energy required to melt a solid
|
|
|
Heat of vaporization
|
Energy required to vaporize a liquid
|
|
|
Haber Process
|
Commercial ammonia making process
|
|
|
Ideal Gas Law
|
PV = nRT
|
|
|
Ion
|
Electrically charged atom
|
|
|
Isomer
|
Compounds whose molecules are the same but have different structures
|
|
|
Isotope
|
Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons, thus having different molecular weights
|
|
|
Kinetic energy
|
Energy of motion
|
|
|
Lewis acid
|
Electron pair acceptor
|
|
|
Mass number
|
Number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus
|
|
|
Meniscus
|
Curved upper surface of a liquid column
|
|
|
Miscible
|
Liquids that mix with each other in all proportions
|
|
|
Molarity
|
Concentration given by: molecules of substance/liters of solution
|
|
|
Mole
|
6.02 molecules of a substance
|
|
|
Momentum
|
Product of Mass and velocity of an object
|
|
|
Neutron
|
Electronically neutral particle with that same mass as a proton
|
|
|
Noble Gasses
|
Gases that don't form compounds easily
|
|
|
Osmosis
|
Net movement of a solvent woards an area of greater solute concentration
|
|
|
Oxidation
|
Process in which a substance loses one or more electrons; the opposite of reduction which is the gaining of electrons
|
|
|
Ozone
|
Molecule with 3 oxygen atoms
|
|
|
Photon
|
Bundle of light particles
|
|
|
Polymer
|
Repeating units of molecules in a chain
|
|
|
Power
|
Rate at which work is done
|
|
|
Radiation
|
Transfer of heat by waves
|
|
|
Refraction
|
Light bending
|
|
|
Scale of Hardness
|
Moh's Scale
|
|
|
Specific Gravity
|
Density of an object relative to water
|
|
|
Stoichiometry
|
Relationships among the quantities of products and reactants in a chemical reaction
|
|
|
Superconductor
|
Substance that undergoes a change at low temperatures that allows it to conduct electricity with zero resistance
|
|
|
Surface tension
|
Intermolecular cohesive attraction that causes a liquid to minimize its surface area
|
|
|
Thermodynamics Law #1
|
Energy is conserved
|
|
|
Thermodynamics Law #2
|
Entropy (disorder) is increasing
|
|
|
Transformer
|
Device that changes electrical voltage
|
|
|
Triple Point
|
Temperature at which solid, liquid, and gas phases exist in equilibrium
|
|
|
Valence Electrons
|
Outermost electrons used in bonding
|
|
|
Volitile
|
Tending to evaporate easily
|
|
|
Work
|
Movement of an object against a force
|
|
|
Lewis base
|
Electron pair donor
|
