General Psychology Chapter 7

Front 1

Memory

Back 1

The nervous system's capacity to acquire and retain skills and knowledge for later retrieval.

Front 2

Encoding

Back 2

The processing of information so that it can be stored.

Front 3

Storage

Back 3

The retention of encoding presentations overtime.

Front 4

Retrieval

Back 4

The active or calling or remembering stored information when it is needed.

Front 5

Attention

Back 5

Focusing mental resources on information; allows further processing for perception, memory, and response.

Front 6

Change blindness

Back 6

An individual's failure to notice large visual changes in the environment.

Front 7

Sensory storage

Back 7

A memory storage system that very briefly hold a vast amount of information from the five senses in close to their original sensory formats.

Front 8

Short-term storage

Back 8

A memory storage system that briefly holds a limited amount of information in awareness.

Front 9

Working memory

Back 9

An active processing system that allows manipulation of different types of information to keep it available for current use.

Front 10

Chunking

Back 10

Using working memory to organize information into meaningful units to make it easier to remember.

Front 11

Long-term storage

Back 11

A memory storage system that allows relatively permanent storage, probably of an unlimited amount of information.

Front 12

Maintenance rehearsal

Back 12

Using working memory processes to repeat information based on how it sounds (auditory information); provides only shallow encoding of information and less successful long-term storage.

Front 13

Elaborative rehearsal

Back 13

Using working memory processes to think about how new information relates to ourselves or our prior knowledge (semantic information); provides deeper encoding of information for more successful long-term storage.

Front 14

Retrograde amnesia

Back 14

A condition in which people lose the ability to access memories they had before a brain injury.

Front 15

Anterograde amnesia

Back 15

A condition in which people lose the ability to form new memories after experiencing a brain injury.

Front 16

Explicit memory

Back 16

The system for long-term storage of conscious memories that can be verbally described.

Front 17

Episodic memory

Back 17

A type of explicit memory that includes a person's personal experiences.

Front 18

Semantic memory

Back 18

A type of explicit memory that includes a person's knowledge about the world.

Front 19

Implicit memory

Back 19

The system for long-term storage of unconscious memories that cannot be verbally described.

Front 20

Procedural memory

Back 20

A type of implicit memory that involves motor skills and behavioral habits.

Front 21

Prospective memory

Back 21

Remembering to do something at some future time.

Front 22

Consolidation

Back 22

A process by which immediate memories become lasting through long-term storage.

Front 23

Retrieval cue

Back 23

Anything that helps a person access information in long-term storage.

Front 24

Forgetting

Back 24

The inability to access a memory from long-term storage.

Front 25

Retroactive interference

Back 25

When access to older memories is impaired by newer memories.

Front 26

Proactive interference

Back 26

When access to newer memories is impaired by older memories.

Front 27

Persistence

Back 27

The continual recurrence of unwanted memories from long term storage.

Front 28

Distortion

Back 28

Human memory is not a perfectly accurate representation of the past, but is flawed.