General Functions Of The Nervous System

Front 1

The nervous system is composed of ?

Back 1

nervous tissue, blood vessels, and connective tissue

Front 2

What two cell types are found in nervous tissue?

Back 2

neurons and neuroglial cells

Front 3

Function of neurons?

Back 3

react to physical and chemical reactions in their surroundings

-send and receive signals

Front 4

Function of Neuroglial?

Back 4

cells that support and protect neurons

Front 5

What are dendrites ?

Back 5

small cellular processes that receive input

Front 6

What are axons?

Back 6

long cellular processes that carry information away from neurons

Front 7

What are nerve impulses?

Back 7

bioelectric signals produced by neurons

Front 8

What are nerves?

Back 8

bundles of axons

Front 9

What is a synapse ?

Back 9

the small space between a neuron and the cells with which it communicates

Front 10

What are Neurotransmitters?

Back 10

biological messengers produced by neurons

Front 11

What is the central nervous system composed of?

Back 11

it contains the brain and the spinal cord

Front 12

What is the peripheral nervous system composed of ?

Back 12

it contains the cranial and spinal nerves

Front 13

What are three general functions of the nervous system ?

Back 13

sensory, motor, and integrative

Front 14

Sensory receptors are located ___________________ of peripheral neurons and provide the ____________ function of the nervous system.

Back 14

at the ends, sensory

Front 15

What is the function of receptors?

Back 15

To gather information

Front 16

What do receptors do with the information they receive?

Back 16

they convert their information into nerve impulses, which are transmitted over peripheral nerves to the central nervous system.

Front 17

What do the motor functions of the nervous system do?

Back 17

use neurons to carry impulses from the central nervous system to the effectors

Front 18

Examples of effectors?

Back 18

muscles and glands

Front 19

Two divisions of the motor division of the nervous system? (Peripheral Nervous System)

Back 19

Somatic and Autonomic

Front 20

Function of the Somatic Nervous System?

Back 20

-involved in conscious activities

-controls skeletal muscle contractions

Front 21

Function of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Back 21

-involved in unconscious activities

-controls smooth and cardiac muscle

Front 22

Three parts of all neurons?

Back 22

cell body, axon, and dendrites

Front 23

What does a neuron's cell body contain?

Back 23

granular cytoplasm, mitochondria, lysosomes, a Golgi appartus, and many microtubules. It also contains are large nucleus, chromatophillic substance, and cytoplasmic inclusions.

Front 24

What are neurofibrils?

Back 24

fine threads that extend into axons

Front 25

What is Chromatophillic substance?

Back 25

a membranous sac that contains rough endoplasmic reticulum

Front 26

Mature neurons generally do/do not divide but neural stems cells do/do not

Back 26

do not, do

Front 27

Why are dendrites usually high branced?

Back 27

to provide receptive surfaces to which processes from other neurons communicate

Front 28

Dendritic spines are?

Back 28

tiny, thornlike spines on the surface of dendrites

Front 29

What is an axonal hillock?

Back 29

the initial portion of an axon closest to the cell body

Front 30

What is an axon specialized to do?

Back 30

Carry nerve impulses away from the cell body

Front 31

What does the cytoplasm of an axon include?

Back 31

mitochondria, microtubules,and neruofibrils

Front 32

What are collaterals?

Back 32

branches of axon

Front 33

What is a synaptic knob?

Back 33

a specialized ending of an axon

Front 34

What is a synaptic cleft?

Back 34

the space between a synaptic knob and the receptive surface of another cell

Front 35

What is axonal transport?

Back 35

the process an axon uses to convey biochemicals that are produced in the neuron cell body

Front 36

What is the function of Schwann cells ?

Back 36

produce myelin

Front 37

What is myelin?

Back 37

a lipid rich substance

Front 38

What is a myelin sheath ?

Back 38

a coating produced by Schwann cells that is wrapped around an axon

Front 39

What is a neurileema ?

Back 39

a portion of a Schwann cell outside of the myelin sheath

Front 40

What is a node of Ranvier?

Back 40

a narrow gap between myelin sheaths

Front 41

Myelinated axons have?

Back 41

Myelin sheaths

Front 42

Unmyelinated axons have?

Back 42

no Myelin sheaths

Front 43

White matter is composed of?

Back 43

myelinated axons

Front 44

Gray matter is composed of?

Back 44

unmyelinated axons, dendrites, and cell bodies of neurons