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182 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Abrasion
|
Loss of superficial cells as a result of friction.
|
|
|
Acetaldehyde
|
Produces ROS and lipid peroxidation of cell membranes.
|
|
|
Acetaminophen
|
Can result in centrilobar liver necrosis and hepatic failure.
|
|
|
Anaplasia
|
Regression towards more primitive cell types.
|
|
|
Anthracosis
|
Pulmonary fibrosis marked by the buildup of dust and carbon particles.
|
|
|
As
|
Impairs mitochondrial oxidative phosphorilation leading to cardio, GI & CNS Sx acutely, cancer chronically.
|
|
|
Asbestosis
|
Pulmonary fibrosis and possible mesothelioma.
|
|
|
Aspirin
|
Blocks the cyclooxygenase pathway.
|
|
|
Avulsion
|
Tearing away of body parts.
|
|
|
Benign neoplasm
|
Resembles normal tissue and remains localized.
|
|
|
Cachexia
|
Wasting away of body tissue. Seen in terminal stages of cancer.
|
|
|
Caisson Disease
|
Free gas bubbles act as emboli.
|
|
|
Capsid
|
Viral protein coat.
|
|
|
Carcinoma
|
Malignant epithelial neoplasm with scanty stroma and lymphatic metastasis.
|
|
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Carcinoma In Situ
|
Non-cancerous dysplasia spanning the epithelium.
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|
|
Cd
|
Causes obstructive lung disease, renal failure and skeletal abnormalities.
|
|
|
Choristoma
|
Normal tissue in an abnormal location. Not neoplastic.
|
|
|
Clumping Factors
|
Bacterial enzymes that stimulate clotting leading to abscess formation.
|
|
|
Congenital
|
Present at birth.
|
|
|
Contusion
|
Disruption of blood vessels resulting from blunt force.
|
|
|
Cystadenoma
|
Benign hollow mass.
|
|
|
Cystic Fibrosis
|
Chlorine channel defect marked by mucous viscosity and low levels of digestive enzymes.
|
|
|
Cytochrome P-450
|
Enzyme system in the SER of the liver which converts xenobiotics to inert waste.
|
|
|
Diaphoresis
|
Water loss via sweating.
|
|
|
Differentiation
|
Extent of structural and functional histological morphology.
|
|
|
Dysplasia
|
Loss of uniformity and architectural orientation. Reversible and not neoplastic.
|
|
|
Ectoparasites
|
Multicellular agents, either insects or arachnids.
|
|
|
Endotoxins
|
Lipopolysaccharides released by dying organisms.
|
|
|
Environmental Diseases
|
Conditions caused by exposure to chemical or physical agents.
|
|
|
Exotoxins
|
Produced by living organisms.
|
|
|
Expressivity
|
Varations in rate of clinical phenotypic positivity.
|
|
|
Granuloma
|
Benign inflammatory mass.
|
|
|
Hamartoma
|
Disorganized mass indigenous to an organ. Not neoplastic.
|
|
|
Helminths
|
Worms.
|
|
|
Hematoma
|
Bruise.
|
|
|
Heterogeneity
|
Many different genes causing one disease.
|
|
|
Hg
|
Cause of largely developmental CNS deficiencies including Cerebral Palsy, deafness, blindness, etc.
|
|
|
Hyaluronidase
|
Dissolves ground substance.
|
|
|
Hyphae
|
Filamentous molds.
|
|
|
Incision
|
Cut produced by a sharp instrument.
|
|
|
Inclusion Bodies
|
Viral aggregates.
|
|
|
Incubation
|
Time elapsed from invasion to presentation of symptoms.
|
|
|
Interferon
|
Inhibits viral replication.
|
|
|
Inversion
|
Piece of chromosome is reversed.
|
|
|
Isochromosome
|
Division in the wrong place.
|
|
|
Kinase
|
Aids in fibrinolysis.
|
|
|
Klinefelter's Syndrome
|
47, XXY, hypogonadism, sterility, mild retardation.
|
|
|
Kwashiorkor
|
Generalized edema seen as ascites of face, hands and legs.
|
|
|
Laceration
|
Tearing of tissue resulting from excessive stretching.
|
|
|
Leio
|
Smooth muscle.
|
|
|
Leukocidins
|
Leukocyte killers.
|
|
|
Local Reactions
|
Swelling, heat, pain, redness, loss of function. (Classical signs of inflammation.)
|
|
|
Lysozyme
|
Bacteriocidal enzyme found in mucus fluids.
|
|
|
Malignant neoplasm
|
Invades and destroys.
|
|
|
Marasmus
|
Emaciation related to loss of muscle and fat.
|
|
|
Metastasis
|
Secondary implantation site.
|
|
|
Mixed tumor
|
Neoplasm with multiple cell types derived from a single germ layer.
|
|
|
Monoclonal
|
Arising from one cell.
|
|
|
Mononuclear Infiltrates
|
Acutely; response to viruses. Chronically; mycobacterai, fungi or spirochetes (syphilis).
|
|
|
Mosaicism
|
Two cell populations existing in same individual due to non-disjunction in early mitosis.
|
|
|
Mycoses
|
Fungal infections.
|
|
|
Neoplasm
|
Abnormal mass growing autonomously.
|
|
|
Oncogenes
|
Altered sequences controlling growth and mitosis.
|
|
|
Osteomalacia
|
Hypovitaminosis D
|
|
|
Pancytopenia
|
A deficiency in all blood cells.
|
|
|
Papilloma
|
Benign finger-like epithelial projection.
|
|
|
Paraneoplastic syndromes
|
Effects of products produced by cancers, often lung cancers. Hormone-like peptides are common.
|
|
|
Pb
|
Ingestion leads to CNS, PNS and connective tissue remodeling deficiencies.
|
|
|
Penetrance
|
Relative tendency towards phenotypic expression.
|
|
|
Pleiotropy
|
Many effects from the mutation of one gene.
|
|
|
Pneumocystosis
|
Opportunistic mycosis in AIDS, or other immunocompromised patients.
|
|
|
Polykaryons
|
Syncitial cells produced during viral infections (paramyxo/measles).
|
|
|
Polyp
|
Benign epithelial mass.
|
|
|
Properdin
|
Plasma protein which activates the complement pathway.
|
|
|
Protooncogenes
|
Normal growth-controlling genes.
|
|
|
Radiolysis
|
Intracellular hydrolysis leading to the generation of free radicals.
|
|
|
Robertsonian Translocation
|
Reciprocal translocation.
|
|
|
Sarcoma
|
Malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with abundant stroma and hematagenous metastasis.
|
|
|
Seminoma
|
Neoplastic sperm cell.
|
|
|
Silicosis
|
Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.
|
|
|
Supparative
|
Inflammatory response to bacteria involving liquefactive necrosis and neutrophil infiltration.
|
|
|
Tachypnea
|
Increased breathing rate.
|
|
|
Teratoma
|
Neoplasm with multiple cell types derived from multiple germ layers.
|
|
|
Thermal Dimorphism
|
Fungus exists in hyphae form @ room temp, yeast (round) form @ 37C.
|
|
|
Tobacco
|
Most common exogenous cause of human cancers, also most preventable of human deaths.
|
|
|
Toxicity
|
The science of poisons.
|
|
|
Transforming Infection
|
Viral infection leading to mutation and possible neoplasm.
|
|
|
Tropism
|
Tissue selectivity in viral infections.
|
|
|
Turner's Syndrome
|
X, hypogonadism, short stature, web neck, high arched palate.
|
|
|
Virulence
|
Potential of causing death.
|
|
|
Xenobiotics
|
Environmental chemicals which can be metabolized either to inert or toxic products.
|
|
|
Abrasion
|
Loss of superficial cells as a result of friction.
|
|
|
Acetaldehyde
|
Produces ROS and lipid peroxidation of cell membranes.
|
|
|
Acetaminophen
|
Can result in centrilobar liver necrosis and hepatic failure.
|
|
|
Anaplasia
|
Regression towards more primitive cell types.
|
|
|
Anthracosis
|
Pulmonary fibrosis marked by the buildup of dust and carbon particles.
|
|
|
As
|
Impairs mitochondrial oxidative phosphorilation leading to cardio, GI & CNS Sx acutely, cancer chronically.
|
|
|
Asbestosis
|
Pulmonary fibrosis and possible mesothelioma.
|
|
|
Aspirin
|
Blocks the cyclooxygenase pathway.
|
|
|
Avulsion
|
Tearing away of body parts.
|
|
|
Benign neoplasm
|
Resembles normal tissue and remains localized.
|
|
|
Cachexia
|
Wasting away of body tissue. Seen in terminal stages of cancer.
|
|
|
Caisson Disease
|
Free gas bubbles act as emboli.
|
|
|
Capsid
|
Viral protein coat.
|
|
|
Carcinoma
|
Malignant epithelial neoplasm with scanty stroma and lymphatic metastasis.
|
|
|
Carcinoma In Situ
|
Non-cancerous dysplasia spanning the epithelium.
|
|
|
Cd
|
Causes obstructive lung disease, renal failure and skeletal abnormalities.
|
|
|
Choristoma
|
Normal tissue in an abnormal location. Not neoplastic.
|
|
|
Clumping Factors
|
Bacterial enzymes that stimulate clotting leading to abscess formation.
|
|
|
Congenital
|
Present at birth.
|
|
|
Contusion
|
Disruption of blood vessels resulting from blunt force.
|
|
|
Cystadenoma
|
Benign hollow mass.
|
|
|
Cystic Fibrosis
|
Chlorine channel defect marked by mucous viscosity and low levels of digestive enzymes.
|
|
|
Cytochrome P-450
|
Enzyme system in the SER of the liver which converts xenobiotics to inert waste.
|
|
|
Diaphoresis
|
Water loss via sweating.
|
|
|
Differentiation
|
Extent of structural and functional histological morphology.
|
|
|
Dysplasia
|
Loss of uniformity and architectural orientation. Reversible and not neoplastic.
|
|
|
Ectoparasites
|
Multicellular agents, either insects or arachnids.
|
|
|
Endotoxins
|
Lipopolysaccharides released by dying organisms.
|
|
|
Environmental Diseases
|
Conditions caused by exposure to chemical or physical agents.
|
|
|
Exotoxins
|
Produced by living organisms.
|
|
|
Expressivity
|
Varations in rate of clinical phenotypic positivity.
|
|
|
Granuloma
|
Benign inflammatory mass.
|
|
|
Hamartoma
|
Disorganized mass indigenous to an organ. Not neoplastic.
|
|
|
Helminths
|
Worms.
|
|
|
Hematoma
|
Bruise.
|
|
|
Heterogeneity
|
Many different genes causing one disease.
|
|
|
Hg
|
Cause of largely developmental CNS deficiencies including Cerebral Palsy, deafness, blindness, etc.
|
|
|
Hyaluronidase
|
Dissolves ground substance.
|
|
|
Hyphae
|
Filamentous molds.
|
|
|
Incision
|
Cut produced by a sharp instrument.
|
|
|
Inclusion Bodies
|
Viral aggregates.
|
|
|
Incubation
|
Time elapsed from invasion to presentation of symptoms.
|
|
|
Interferon
|
Inhibits viral replication.
|
|
|
Inversion
|
Piece of chromosome is reversed.
|
|
|
Isochromosome
|
Division in the wrong place.
|
|
|
Kinase
|
Aids in fibrinolysis.
|
|
|
Klinefelter's Syndrome
|
47, XXY, hypogonadism, sterility, mild retardation.
|
|
|
Kwashiorkor
|
Generalized edema seen as ascites of face, hands and legs.
|
|
|
Laceration
|
Tearing of tissue resulting from excessive stretching.
|
|
|
Leio
|
Smooth muscle.
|
|
|
Leukocidins
|
Leukocyte killers.
|
|
|
Local Reactions
|
Swelling, heat, pain, redness, loss of function. (Classical signs of inflammation.)
|
|
|
Lysozyme
|
Bacteriocidal enzyme found in mucus fluids.
|
|
|
Malignant neoplasm
|
Invades and destroys.
|
|
|
Marasmus
|
Emaciation related to loss of muscle and fat.
|
|
|
Metastasis
|
Secondary implantation site.
|
|
|
Mixed tumor
|
Neoplasm with multiple cell types derived from a single germ layer.
|
|
|
Monoclonal
|
Arising from one cell.
|
|
|
Mononuclear Infiltrates
|
Acutely; response to viruses. Chronically; mycobacterai, fungi or spirochetes (syphilis).
|
|
|
Mosaicism
|
Two cell populations existing in same individual due to non-disjunction in early mitosis.
|
|
|
Mycoses
|
Fungal infections.
|
|
|
Neoplasm
|
Abnormal mass growing autonomously.
|
|
|
Oncogenes
|
Altered sequences controlling growth and mitosis.
|
|
|
Osteomalacia
|
Hypovitaminosis D
|
|
|
Pancytopenia
|
A deficiency in all blood cells.
|
|
|
Papilloma
|
Benign finger-like epithelial projection.
|
|
|
Paraneoplastic syndromes
|
Effects of products produced by cancers, often lung cancers. Hormone-like peptides are common.
|
|
|
Pb
|
Ingestion leads to CNS, PNS and connective tissue remodeling deficiencies.
|
|
|
Penetrance
|
Relative tendency towards phenotypic expression.
|
|
|
Pleiotropy
|
Many effects from the mutation of one gene.
|
|
|
Pneumocystosis
|
Opportunistic mycosis in AIDS, or other immunocompromised patients.
|
|
|
Polykaryons
|
Syncitial cells produced during viral infections (paramyxo/measles).
|
|
|
Polyp
|
Benign epithelial mass.
|
|
|
Properdin
|
Plasma protein which activates the complement pathway.
|
|
|
Protooncogenes
|
Normal growth-controlling genes.
|
|
|
Radiolysis
|
Intracellular hydrolysis leading to the generation of free radicals.
|
|
|
Robertsonian Translocation
|
Reciprocal translocation.
|
|
|
Sarcoma
|
Malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with abundant stroma and hematagenous metastasis.
|
|
|
Seminoma
|
Neoplastic sperm cell.
|
|
|
Silicosis
|
Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.
|
|
|
Supparative
|
Inflammatory response to bacteria involving liquefactive necrosis and neutrophil infiltration.
|
|
|
Tachypnea
|
Increased breathing rate.
|
|
|
Teratoma
|
Neoplasm with multiple cell types derived from multiple germ layers.
|
|
|
Thermal Dimorphism
|
Fungus exists in hyphae form @ room temp, yeast (round) form @ 37C.
|
|
|
Tobacco
|
Most common exogenous cause of human cancers, also most preventable of human deaths.
|
|
|
Toxicity
|
The science of poisons.
|
|
|
Transforming Infection
|
Viral infection leading to mutation and possible neoplasm.
|
|
|
Tropism
|
Tissue selectivity in viral infections.
|
|
|
Turner's Syndrome
|
X, hypogonadism, short stature, web neck, high arched palate.
|
|
|
Virulence
|
Potential of causing death.
|
|
|
Xenobiotics
|
Environmental chemicals which can be metabolized either to inert or toxic products.
|
