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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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colligative properties
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physical properties - usually of dilute solutions.
only depend on #particles, it doesn't matter what those particles are. |
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4 basic colligative properties
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-Freezing point depression
-Boiling point elevation -Osmotic pressure -Vapor-pressure lowering |
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2 types Electrochemical reactions
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1. Spontaneous reactions that produce electrical energy
2. Nonspontaneous rctions that produce chemical change. |
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conservation of charge
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charge cannot be created or destroyed.
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oxidation
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loss of electrons
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reduction
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gain of electrons
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oxidation # of free elements
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0
elements like N2, P4, S8, He |
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Oxidation number of Hydrogen:
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When counterion is less electronegative, H is - (NaH, CaH2)
When counterion is more electronegative, H is + (HF, HCl) |
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2 types electrochemical cells:
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Galvanic (voltaic)
Electrolytic |
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Galvanic cells
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aka, voltaic.
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Type of reaction that occurs in
Voltaic cell: Electrolytic cell: |
Spontaneous.
Nonspontaneous. |
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Anode
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site of Oxidation
vowels go together |
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Cathode
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Site of reduction
Consonants go together |
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electrochemical cell diagram rules
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nutshell:
anode |anode soln||cathode soln |cathode |
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most prominent characteristic of electrolytic cell reaction type:
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it is nonspontaneous, so requires energy input.
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Faraday
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amount of charge contained in a mole of electrons.
96,487 Coulombs/mol e- = one faraday |
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electrode charge designations in
-Voltaic cell -Electrolytic cell |
Voltaic: anode is negative, cathode is positive.
Electrolytic: anions go to anode -its positive, cations go to cathode -its negative. Both are still same in that Cathode is Red site, Anode is Oxid site. |
