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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two types of nuclear division?
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Mitosis and Meiosis.
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Mitosis produces how many and what type of cells?
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2 genetically identical cells.
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Meiosis produces how many and what type of cells?
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4 haploid non-genetically identical cells.
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What stages does Interphase stage consist of?
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S1, G, S2
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What does M stage consist of?
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Mitosis and Cytokinesis.
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Name the order and stages of cell cycle.
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Interphase (G1, S, G2), Mitosis (PMAT) & Cytokinesis
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What does Cytokinesis produce in plants?
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Cell Plate.
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What does Cytokinesis produce in animals?
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Cleavage Furrow.
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Name the four areas of root tip from top to bottom.
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Region of Maturation, Region of Elongation, Region of Cell Division (Meristem) and Root Cap.
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Acronym for four areas of root tip from top to bottom.
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MECR
M - Maturation (Region) E - Elongation (Region) C - Cell Division (Region) R - Root Cap |
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The state of embryonic development where cells are rapidly dividing in animal cell mitosis.
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Blastula.
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Pairs of homologous chromosomes.
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Diploid = 2n.
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One of each homologous pair.
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Haploid = n.
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Union of nucleus of sperm and nucleus of ovum.
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Fertilization.
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Fertilization restores _____.
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Diploid number.
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What is the result of fertilization?
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A zygote.
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What is a zygote?
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A fertilized egg.
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Meiosis I is what kind of division?
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Reduction Division.
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What is reduction division?
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Number of chromosomes reduce from diploid to haploid.
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What does each single chromosome consist of?
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2 chromatids.
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Meiosis II is what kind of division?
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Equatorial Division.
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What is Equatorial Division?
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Divides 2 chromatids; like Mitosis.
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What is the pairing of homologous pairs called?
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Synapsis.
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When does Synapsis occur?
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Prophase I.
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What is the result of synapsis?
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A tetrad.
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What is a tetrad?
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4 chromatids.
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Chromosomes line up in pairs on metaphase plate during this phase of Meiosis.
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Metaphase I.
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What occurs during Metaphase I?
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Law of Independent Assortment; Chromosomes line up in pairs on metaphase plate.
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Homologous pairs separate, reducing chromosome number to haploid during this phase of Meiosis.
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Anaphase I.
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What occurs during Anaphase I?
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Law of Segregation; Homologous pairs separate but CENTROMERES DO NOT DIVIDE, reducing chromosome number to haploid.
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Which phase of Meiosis has 2 gentically different haploid cells?
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Telophase I.
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Which nuclear division is identical to Mitosis?
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Meiosis II.
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Which phase of Meiosis do centromeres divide?
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Anaphase II.
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What is the end result of Meiosis II?
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4 haploid genetically different cells.
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What is the resting stage called in Meiosis?
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Interkinesis.
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How does Interkinesis differ from Interphase?
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Interkinesis has no S phase.
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Which nuclear division produces gametes or spores?
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Meiosis.
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Which nuclear division produces somatic cells?
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Mitosis.
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Which nuclear division occurs in reproductive organs?
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Meiosis.
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Which nuclear division occurs in cells of all other organs?
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Mitosis.
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Which nuclear division has two linked divisions - the reductive division and equatorial division?
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Meiosis.
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Which nuclear division has only one division?
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Mitosis.
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Which nuclear division produces four cells?
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Meiosis.
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Which nuclear division produces two cells?
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Mitosis.
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Which nuclear division has resulting cells that have half the chromosome number of the parent cell?
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Meiosis.
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Which nuclear division has resulting cells that have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
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Mitosis.
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Which nuclear division involves synapsis of homologous chromosomes?
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Meiosis.
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Which nuclear division does not involve synapsis?
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Mitosis.
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Which nuclear division involves the exchange of genetic material (crossing over) between paired chromosomes and the gametes are a recombination of the genetic characteristics of parent cells?
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Meiosis.
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Which nuclear division has resulting cells that are identical to the parent cells in terms of genetic characteristics?
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Mitosis.
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