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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe three characteristics of Bacillus.
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-large aerobic
-gram positive -spore-forming -usually occurs in chains |
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What are two Bacillus species that cause disease in humans
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-bacillus anthracis(anthrax)
-bacillus cereus(food Poisoning) |
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What is the infectious form of Anthrax and where is it found?
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The spores which are found in the soil-everywhere.
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What are two factors that make Anthrax spores great infectious agents?
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-they have a polypeptide capsule that prevents phagocytosis
-they can survive in the dirt for years |
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What are the three parts of the Anthrax toxin?
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-PA(protective Ag)
-EF(edema factor) -LF(lethal factor) |
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Where does the Antrax protective Ag (PA) bind?
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It binds to the cell receptor; membrane channel
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What are the three forms of Anthrax?
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-cutaneous(95% in humans)
-inhalation(5% in humans) -gastrointestinal(bad meat) |
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What does Anthrax do as it enters the body?
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It proliferates
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What affect does Anthrax have on the Lymph nodes and what could this lead to?
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It cause regional hemmerraging of the lymph nodes which can cause blockage and lead to pulmonary edema.
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What is the estimated time of death for inhalation Anthrax?
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within three days of initial symptoms. (most deadly)
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What is the infectious dose for inhalation Anthrax?
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Between 2,500 to 10,000 spores
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Who are the most at risk candidates for Anthrax?
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Post workers and mail handelers
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What is the drug of choice for Anthrax?
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Penicillin G
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What Bacillus is commonly found in rice?
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Bacillus Cereus
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How does Bacillus germinate in rice?
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By cooking large amounts and allowing it to cool slowly.Vegatated bacteria produce toxins that when reheated are not killed, only the bacteria are killed.
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What are the two forms of Bacillus Cereus?
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-Emetic(<6hrs onset)
-Diarrheal(>6hrs onset) (Has to be in the body to make toxin) |
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Anthrax Toxins
PA+LT= |
Anthrax Lethal Toxin
(deadly) |
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Anthrax Toxins
PA+EF= |
Edema Toxin
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