Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is Gram Positve, found in clusters,is a catalase,and is common on skin?
|
Staphylococcaceae
|
|
|
What are some Adherence factors of S.aureus?
|
-casule
-teichic acid binds to fibronectin (peptidoglycan layer) -coagulase (clumping factor) |
|
|
List the the kind and affects of S.aureus toxins
|
-alpha toxin (lyses memb)
-exfoliation (intercelluar splitting of epidermis and serine prtease) -toxic shock syn from to much cytokine from T-cells |
|
|
What are Super Antigens?
|
antigens that trick T-cells in stimulating too much cytokine which is toxic.
|
|
|
List the 2 antiphagotic factors of S.aureus.
|
-Capsule
-Protein A |
|
|
What is Protein A?
|
a staph protein that binds to the Fc portion of the Ab instead of the antigen binding part
|
|
|
list 2 carriers of Staph infections.
|
-dry conditions
-hospital acquired infections through contact or fomites |
|
|
List atleast 5 Staph diseases.
|
-skin and soft tissue
-bacteremia -Muscleskeletal -endocarditis -GI -CNS infections -pulmonary - |
|
|
What are some defenses of the skin?
|
-physical barrier
-chemical(pH,sebum,salt) -normal flora (blockade) |
|
|
List 3 Staph infections
(not diseases) |
-folliculitis
-furuncles/carbuncles -pyogenic infections (pus) |
|
|
Why is it important to drain some wounds with Staph infections?
|
because of the lack of blood supply to the area due to swelling prevents antibiotics from getting to the site.
|
|
|
What 2 S.aureus infections are consider medical emergencies and why?
|
bacteremia and endocarditis because of their spread to the bones, joints, and deep organs. Chunks of tissue can travel to extremities and block capillaries.
|
|
|
What group is most susceptible to SSSS?
|
Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome
(Ritters Disease and Bullous Impetigo) -Children |
|
|
What is Ritters Disease?
|
-found in kids because of lack of exposure to Staph
-toxin mediated(5% S.aureus strain) -Nikolsky's sign -7-10 days, skin is healed |
|
|
What is the treatment for Ritters Disease?
|
Isolation form the environment because of the compromised immune system. Antibiotics will help for secondary infections.
|
|
|
What is Toxic Shock Syndrome?
|
As S.aureus grows in contaminate wounds or places like tampons, it produces toxins(TSST-1) that make you sick and can be quickly fatal.
|
|
|
What are some signs of Toxic Shock Sysdrome (TSS)
|
-high fever,vomiting,sore throat, muscle pain, diarrhea
-progression to severe in 48h (liver,kidney damage) |
|
|
How do people get food poisoning?
|
-exotoxins produced by bacteria
-heat food to kill bacteria but not the toxins. -no fever because your body doesn't recognize the toxin. |
|
|
How do you treat food poisoning?
|
let it runs it course because antibiotics can't kill the toxins.
|
|
|
What is the drug of choice for Staph and why?
|
Vancomycin, because Staph is very good at developing resistances.(last resort)
|
|
|
What is MRSA?
|
Methicillin - resistant S.aureus bacteria.
-actually resistant to other antibiotics as well. -patients should be isolated -treat with Vancomycin |
|
|
What is the two main distentions betweent S.aureus and S.epidermidis
|
-S.aureus is coagulase-positve and is involved in pyogenic infections.
-S. epidermidis is coagulase-negative found in foreign body infections |
