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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene Expression |
When a gene is activated, a specific sequence of nucleotides is Transcribed and usually Translated as a polypeptide and are reorganized into a finished protein |
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The two strands of DNA: |
Template/nonsense Sense/nontemplate |
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What is a Ribosome |
rRNA It is made of ribosomal RNA |
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What is a tRNA |
Transfer RNA, brings in amino acids |
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What is taken out of the pre-mRNA? |
Introns are taken out, and the exons remain (the exons contain the important information). |
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Why must parts of the mRNA be removed? |
The introns contain no important information If they were Transcribed, it wouldn't make sense in terms of making proteins It cannot go through the nuclear membrane |
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How do proteins get to the extracellular matrix? |
They go through the endomembrane system and are moved via vesicles |
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What can happen in terms of Prokaryotes that cannot happen in Eukaryotes? |
Translation can happen almost simultaneously as transcription, while in eukaryotes it must go through an extra step |
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What are the 3 parts of Translation? |
Initiation Elongation Termination |
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Initiation (brief) |
RNA Polymerase reads the "promoter" region on the DNA, where the RNA will attach for transcription The DNA is untwists and separated at that spot |
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Elongation (brief) |
Nucleotides are added to the 3' end |
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Termination (Brief) |
The whole things stops - there's a sequence at the end of the transcribe blend area called 'terminator' which tells the RNA Polymerase it can stop |
