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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GENE
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"UNIT OF INHERITANCE"
GENETIC INFORMATION FOR A TRAIT |
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ALLELE
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VARIATION OF GENES
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HOMOZYGOUS
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SAME ALLELES
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HETEROZYGOUS
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2 DIFFERENT ALLELES
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PUNNETT SQUARE
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USED TO PREDICT THE PHENOTYPE OF OFFSPRING
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DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
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DNA!
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DNA
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MOLECULE THAT DIRECTS PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (YOUR WHOLE BODY IS BUILT FROM PROTEINS)
"CODE OF LIFE" |
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WHAT IS IN THE CHROMOSOMES?
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DNA IS IN THE CHROMOSOMES
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WHAT IS IN THE NUCLEUS OF EVERY CELL?
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CHROMOSOMES
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WHAT IS THE DNA TWISTED LADDER CALLED?
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DOUBLE HELIX
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WHAT ARE THE "RUNGS" ON THE DNA LADDER CALLED?
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NUCLEODITES (OR NITROGEN BASE PAIR)
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WHAT IS A NUCLEOTIDE COMPOSED OF?
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NITROGENOUS PAIRS (GUANINE AND CYTOSINE OR ADENINE AND THYMINE) LINKDED BY A HYDROGEN BOND
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WHAT ARE THE "SIDES" OF THE LADDER COMPOSED OF?
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PHOSPHATES AND DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR
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HOW MANY NUCLEOTIDES ARE IN A STRAND OF HUMAN DNA?
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3,000,000,000 (3 BILLION)
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THE DOUBLE HELIX SHAPE IS MADE UP OF HOW MANY NITROGEN BASE PAIRS, AND WHAT ARE THEY?
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4 NITROGEN PAIRS
ADENINE-THYMINE GUANINE-CYTOSINE |
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WHAT DO YOU CALL THREE NITROGEN BASE PAIRS?
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CODON
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WHAT ARE IN THE CHROMOSOMES?
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PROTEIN AND DNA
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WHAT DOES A SEQUENCE OF CODONS MAKE?
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A "GENE" OR AN INSTRUCTION FOR THE CELL TO MAKE PROTEINS AND SERVE A SPECIFIC FUNCTION
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CLONING
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USING DNA FROM AN EXISTING ORGANISM TO CREATE A GENETIC REPLICA OR THE ORGANISM
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MUTATION
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PERMANENT CHANGE IN DNA SEQUENCE; COULD COME NATURALLY OR ENVIROMENTALLY
EXAMPLES- SMOKING, CAUSING CANCER, RADIATION... |
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PROTEIN
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FOR ENERGY, STRUCTURE, GROWTH , MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR
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DNA
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THE CODE TO DIRECT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS FROM AMINO ACIDS
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MRNA
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RIBONUCLEIC ACID, THE MESSANGER SEES THE SEPERATED DNA LADDER, THEN READS THE CODE AND MATCHES THE PAIRS; SMALLER AND 1 STRAND; LEAVES THE NUCLEUS OF THE CELL WITH THE CODE; COMPLIMENT TO DNA
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TRNA
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TRANSFER TNA TO THE MATCHED PAIRS OF MRNA
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WHAT DOES EACH TRIPLET OF NITROGEN BASE HAVE ATTATCHED?
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AMINO ACID-
THESE ARE BUILDING BLOCKS FOR CELLS |
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TRANSCRIPTION
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PROCESS OF MAKING RNA FROM DNA
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TRANSLATION
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WHEN TRNA LINES UP WITH AMINO ACIDS TO MAKE PROTEIN
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