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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gender and Stereotypes (males vs females)
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Males are Instrumental: ability to control
Females are Expressive: Oriented to interpersonal very true across cultures |
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Gender Development study
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9 month old can tell the difference between the difference between a male and female by matching their voice to a picture
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Jacklin and Maccoby 1978
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boys prefered their own genders style of clothing by 2 and 1/2
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Liss; Kindergarten childrenand gender specific toys
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Kindergarten children
males prefered male and neutral toys females prefer female toys |
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Essentialist Bias
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Told a story about a child who was male, but grew up with all females and only interacted with males
children in middle childhood believe they will be a female Children over 8 believe they would act like a female but no they're really a boy. Children over 8 have a better understanding of social categories |
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Chromosomes and sex
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Males and females contract different diseases but no behavior from chromosomes
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Hormonal differences and androgen
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Prenatal exposure to androgen
congenital adrenal hyperplasia (shemale) parents have it removed, but they still treat them differently affecting the outcome of the child |
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Cognitive Theories
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focus upon the internal world of the child and how it reacts to external stimuli
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Schema concept
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A mental structure containing a number of ideas and associations which guide our behavior
make sense of the world by using schemas, but also use the schemas to understand ourselves When observing the world we will use male and female schemas to determine whether or not particular behaviors are appropriate |
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Gender schemas and behavior study (labels)
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4 and 9 year old
unfamiliar objects labeled boy or girl each sex plays with their sex labeled toy |
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Gender schemas and information processing
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See a picture of a boy picking up flowers and a girl sawing wood
children as young as 3 will change the actor when asked to identify the activity afterwards |
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Kohlberg and Gender study
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Gender is a concept, first learns of concept girl or boy in the same way she or he learns about other concepts
3 to 4 year old Are you a boy or girl? Girl Would you still be a girl if you cut your hair short No, I'd be a boy |
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Gender Bias
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students who are male will pay less to females than males
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Race Bias
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On implicit measures people stay racist but as they get older they learn to be explicitly less racist.
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