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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When did the Kaiser abdicate and flee to the Netherlands? |
9th November 1918 |
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What is a republic? |
A government in which supreme power is exercised by representatives elected by the people |
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When did the German government agree to an armistice? |
11th November 1918 |
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What was the Constituent Assembly? |
The elected parliament when Germany became a republic |
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Where did the parliament of The Weimar Republic first meet? |
the town of Weimar in Southern Germany |
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Between what years did the Weimar Republic last? |
1919 to 1933 |
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Which two presidents ruled the Weimar Republic? |
Friedrich Ebert and Paul von Hindenburg |
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When did Friedrich Ebert rule the Weimar Republic? |
From 1918 to 1925 |
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When did Paul von Hindenburg rule the Weimar Republic? |
From 1925 to 1934 |
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What were some of the weaknesses of the Weimar Republic? |
The system of voting, the appointment of Chancellor, the frequent changes of the government, the power of the President and the coalition government |
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What was the use of Proportional Representation to elect members of the Reichstag? |
The percentage of the people who vote for a party will be the percentage of the members of that party in the Reichstag |
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How did the appointment of the Chancellor work originally in the Weimar Constitution? |
the Chancellor was appointed by the President and was meant to be the leader of the largest party. |
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How did president Hindenburg change the appointment of the Chancellor? |
After 1930, he appointed chancellors who did not lead the largest party and allowed them to rule using Article 48 |
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How did the frequency of changes in the Weimar government affect it? |
There were nine elections, which resulted in a very weak and often unstable government |
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What did Article 48 allow the president (and eventually the Chancellor) to do? |
Declare a ‘state of emergency’, allowing rules to be passed without the approval of the Reichstag |
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What is a coalition government? |
A government made up of two or more political parties |
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Why was proportional representation a weakness in the Weimar Republic? |
Because groups such as the Communists and Nazis were included in the government, both of whom wanted to destroy the Republic |
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How many men was the German army limited to after the Treaty of Versailles? |
100,000 |
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What military devices was the German army forbidden to posses after the Treaty of Versailles? |
Tanks, heavy guns, aircraft or submarines |
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What limitations did the navy have with ships in the German navy after the Treaty of Versailles? |
They had to be less than 10,000 tons |
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What did Germany have to accept full responsibility of as part of the Treaty of Versailles? |
Having caused the war |
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How much did Germany have to pay for reparations after the Treaty of Versailles? |
£6600 million |
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What was Germany forbidden to join as part of the Treaty of Versailles? |
The League of Nations |
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What does LAMB stand for? |
LAND, ARMY, MONEY, BLAME |
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When was the Treaty of Versailles signed? |
28th June 1919 |
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What did the treaty of Versailles do? |
It formally punished Germany for its involvement in the First World War |
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How many clauses were in the Treaty of Versailles? |
400 |
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What were the main terms in the Treaty of Versailles? |
Territorial terms, military terms, financial terms and political terms. |
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How much land did Germany lose as a part of the Treaty of Versailles? |
13% |
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How many citizens did Germany lose as a part of the Treaty of Versailles? |
6 million |
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What country was Germany forbidden to unite with after the Treaty of Versailles |
Austria |
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What country was Alsace-Lorraine given to after the Treaty of Versailles? |
France |
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What was the Saarland administered by after the Treaty of Versailles? |
The League of Nations |
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When did Hitler and 600 SA men burst into a public meeting in Burgerbrau Beer Hall? |
8th November 1923 |
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Who were the Bolshevists? |
Followers of Lenin who carried out a Communist revolution in Russia in February 1917 |
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How many years was Hitler sentenced to in prison because of the Munich Putsch? |
5 |
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How many months did Hitler serve in prison after the Munich Putsch? |
9 |
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Who did Hitler convince to help with the Nazi takeover in Burgerbrau Beer Hall? |
Gustav Von Kahr and von Lossow |
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Who was Gustav von Kahr? |
The Bavarian Chief Minister |
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Who informed the police and authorities of Hitler’s takeover plan after the raid in Burgerbrau Beer Hall? |
Gustav von Kahr and von Lossow |
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How many SA men marched through Munich on 9th November 1923? |
2000 |
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How many people were killed in the Munich Putsch? |
16 Nazis and 4 Policemen |
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When was Hitler arrested after the Munich Putsch? |
2 days later |
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When did Hitler’s trail for the Munich Putsch start? |
February 1924 |
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How long was Hitler on trial for after the Munich Putsch? |
1 month |
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Who were the November Criminals? |
The politicians who agreed to the signing of an armistice in November 1918 |
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When was the German Workers Party founded? |
1919 |
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Who founded the German Workers Party? |
Anton Drexler |
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What did the German Workers Party believe in? |
‘pure German people’ |
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When did Hitler attend a meeting at the German Workers Party? |
September 1919 |
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When was Hitler put in charge of the DAP’s National Propoganda Scheme? |
1920 |
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When did Hitler and Drexler write the ‘Twenty five point programme’? |
February 1920 |
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When did Hitler become leader of the DAP? |
July 1921 |
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What did Hitler change the name of the DAP to? |
The National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) |
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Who set up the Sturmabteilung? |
Hitler |
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What happened when Germany failed to make the second reparation payment? |
French and Belgian troops marched into the Ruhr to take control of the coalfields |
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What happened as a result of the french and belgian troop takeover in 1923? |
German Workers were encouraged to go on strike and hyperinflation occurred as the government had to print more and more money |
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Who led the Sturmabteilung? |
Ernst Rohn |
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What were the members of the Sturmabteilung referred to as? |
Brownshirts or Stormtroopers |
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What did the Stormtroopers do? |
They had to protect Nazi speakers from attacks by rival political groups |
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What was the Spartacist Rising? |
An attempted Communist Revolution |
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When was the Spartacist Rising planned? |
1919 |
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What was the Kapp Putsch? |
An attempted right wing takeover |
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When was the Kapp Putsch attempted? |
1920 |
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What does Putsch mean? |
A political uprising |
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What happened as a result of the french and belgian troop takeover in 1923 |
German Workers were encouraged to go on strike and hyperinflation occurred as the government had to print more and more money |
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What did Mein Kampf mean? |
‘My Struggle’ |
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What was Volksgemeinschaft? |
The creation of a people’s community |
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What is Social Darwinism? |
The idea that some races are superior to others |
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Who were Aryans? |
The race which Hitler considered the ‘master race’ |
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What was Scutzstaffel? |
Hitler’s own bodyguard |
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What was Hitler Jugend? |
A hitler youth organisation set up in 1925 to convert young Germans to Nazi ideas |
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How many seats did the Nazi party win in the Reichstag in the 1928 general election? |
12 |
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Why did the number of Nazi members in the Reichstag drop between 1924 and 1928? |
Because the foreign minister Gustav Stresemann encouraged people not to vote for extreme parties |
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When was the Wall Street Crash? |
October 1929 |
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Why did the Wall Street Crash affect Germany? |
Because the German Economy relied on the American Loans, which America had recalled for their benefit |
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What happened as a consequence to the Wall Street Crash in Germany? |
Demand for consumer goods fell sharply, international trade began to contract and German exports fell sharply, factories closed and unemployment rose, many Germans found themselves homeless and four out of every ten German Workers were without a job |
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Why did people turn to extremist parties in the 1930s? |
Because the Weimar politicians were doing terribly during the Great Depression |
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How many general elections took place between 1930 and 1932? |
Three |
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Who did President Hindenburg appoint as Chancellor in March 1930? |
Heinrich Brüning |
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What did Brüning become known as because the government was forced to cut unemployment benefits? |
the ‘hunger chancellor’ |
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When did Heinrich Brüning resign? |
May 1932 |
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When was the General Election in which the Nazis won the most seats in the Reichstag? |
May 1932 |
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Why did Hindenburg not appoint Hitler as Chancellor in March 1932, despite him getting the most votes? |
Because he hated him |
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Who did Hindenburg appoint as Chancellor in March 1932? |
Franz von Papen |
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Who did Hindenburg appoint as Chancellor in November 1932? |
General von Schleider (the minister of defence) |
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Who persuaded Hindenburg to appoint a Nazi-Nationalist government with Hitler as Chancellor in January 1933, if he became vice chancellor? |
Franz von Papen |
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What was a Nazi-Nationalist government? |
A coalition of the Nazi Party and the German National People’s Party |
